????:1??????:?????200??500

2???????

3???????

4???????vx

5?2021??????

??10????????????????????27???????????????? (? ????????)?,?????30%?????,?????????????????????????

??????????????27??????????????,??(E-islet)????????,????

????,????????,??(iPSC),?????????“?????????????????????????????????”,??????:?????????(Endoderm stem cell, EnSC),??????(E-islet)?

??,???,???????“?????????????????????”????????????????,?????????????????,?????????,????????????????????????????“???????????????????????????????????”??,???,???????????????????

???(APITA)??????????????(?????????????????????????????????)

???(APITA)????,????????????(IPITA)????????????????????Raja Kandaswamy????????????,???,???????????????,??????????????,???????????????????,????,????????????

??????????????“?????”????????James Shapiro??????????????????????????,???????????????2000?“Edmonton?”???????????????????????James Shapiro??40????????????????,????????????????,??????“??”??????????????,????????????????

???????????,????,??????????????/??????????/???????????????????1???????????????(???????????)

??:??????????????????????????????