????:1?????:51????????

2???????????

3?????????

4????????

5?????

?????10??????14???????????(??)2024???????????“???”????????????????10?????14?,2024????????,Daron Acemoglu,Simon Johnson???????????James A. Robinson??

“?”??????????

??????????????????????????????????“???????????”???,??“????”,???“??????”???????

??????1968???,?????????????????????????,????????????????,?????????????????

???“????”,?????,??????????????67???????2007??????(Leonid Hurwicz),??,???????90???????2019????????(Esther Duflo),????????????46??????

???,???????????????,???????????2009???????????????(Elinor Ostrom)?

???????????????????????????:??????????????

??“??????????”?

???????????????????1969??????????2024????,??56??,????????90?????????????????????????????????????,???????????????

“?????????,?????????????,??”??????????

1994???????????????????“????????????”????????????????????«?????»??????2015???,???????????????

2002??????????????????,??“???????,??????????????????”?????????????????

?????????????:2018?????????????????????

2018?,????????????????????????(William D. Nordhaus)??(Paul M. Romer),??????????????????:“?”?“????????????????”?

??????????,??,???????????????,?????????????????????????

???????????

????????????,???????????????????????????,??“??????????????”,“??????????????????????????????”?

2017???????????????(Richard Thaler)??????????“??????????????”??????,?????????,??,??????,????,???????????

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????????????,?????????????????7??,???500?????5????????,???????

?:2019????,?????????

2019????,??????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????,??,????????????????????????????????????????????,?????

“2019??????????,???????,???”????????????(?)

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