????:1???????wx:????????????

2???????????

3???????

4???????

5?????c4???1408

??(???“?????”)?«2024????????????????»???,?????????????????????

??1987??????????,???????????,?????????????????,??????????????????,??2023????????????????

????2023?,178???????161???????(??),??51440?,?14227?????????????????????,????????????????????27.7%,??????

????????????????????????,?????????????????????10%,???????50???????2023???????384???????????????????????????????,??35.25???????????????????????????,????11.85?????,?33.6%,?81.89??,????

??????,????????????????1‰????????10?????????????????1%?????????????????????

???????????7?????????????????????,???????????2071?,?48.4%,?2023?2.5%,?????????????????????????????????????1625?????????????????,???????????????????????????6.57????,??????33.8%,???????????2023?????????????3%,????;???7.65?????,????????????39.3%,???

«????»(Cell)?«?????»(Nature)???«???»(Science)?????2023???,?5907??,????????????????????????????395???????????,??????2022??

????????????10??,?16.20???,???????(15.76?),?????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????7????????

???,2023???????????????,??????????????,?1/3?2023??,?20.4%??73.8%,?177??????????????????(??),?6?????????????????????????????????

????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????2023??,????,?????

??,???????????2023??????1/4????????????????37????????????????????,???????????2022?????????2?;????????????????1/4?????????????????????149???,?????????2022???????12?????????????(??????????? ?????????????????????) ???????????:????????????????????