2023?????????????3.3???

????:??????:????

???????10??2????? (?? ???)????????????????2??«2023????»?,2023??(R&D)??3.3???(??,?????),???33357.1??,?8.4%,???“???????????????”??????“???????7%?????????”????

????R&D???2012??1??????,2019???2??,2022????3?????????????,??R&D?????,??????

???,2023?????R&D?(R&D?????GDP??????????????)???2.65%,?????0.09?,?“?????????”???????0.02???,????????R&D??12??????????,?(OECD)???(2.73%)?

????????????????R&D????2023??,???????R&D??25922.2??3856.3??2753.3????,??????8.6%?1.1%??????14.1%?????????,??R&D??77.7%,?????????????????2022??0.1???,?????(79.0%)???(79.4%),??(67.4%)???(65.8%)??

??????R&D??,2023??????2259.1????????3661.5?????27436.5??,?????????????11.6%?5.1%???8.5%?????,???R&D?????????????6.77%,???????(????) ?????????:????????