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2??????24????

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4??????????

5????????????

????????????????10???????14??(??????)2024???????????????????????????“???”?????????????????????????10?14???,2024????,Daron Acemoglu,Simon Johnson????????????????James A. Robinson????????

“?”????

?????“??????”???,????????“???????????”,??“???????”??????????????

???????????1968???????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????,???????????????????,??

???“???”,???,??????????????67?????2007????????(Leonid Hurwicz),??,??????????90??????????????????????????????????????????2019???????????????(Esther Duflo),???????????46?????

?,???,????????????????????????2009??(Elinor Ostrom)?

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???????????“???????”?

????1969?????????2024?,???????????????56??,????????????????90????,??????

“???????????????????????,??????,????”????

1994????????“????????”????????«????????»???????????????2015??????????????,???????????????

2002??,?????“?????????????,?????”???

????????????:2018??????????????

2018???????,?????????????????????????????(William D. Nordhaus)??????(Paul M. Romer),??????????:“????????????”?“??????????”?

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??????????????????????,??,?????????????????“?????????????????????”,“????”?

2017???????????(Richard Thaler)???????????????“?????????”???????????????,???????????????????????,??????,????????????????,???,?????

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?:2019????????,???????????

2019??????????,??????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????,???,???????????????????????,?????????????

“2019????????,????,???????????????????”??(??)

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