????:1???????:?????????

2???????????

3?????

4????????????

5?????????????

????????????? ?????????

??«????»??

??????????????,???????:“???,?,????????”???????????,?????????????????,?????,???????????????????,?????

???

?????????,??,??????,??????

1978???????,???????????

1979????????,???????:??????????????????

2019???,?????????

????,????

??:“???,?????????????,????????,?????????????????????????????????”

??????????,?????,??????????,?????:

???????????40???????????;??????,???,??????87???????????????;

????????????????:????24??????,????????????;????160??????

???????????,?????

????????:????

????????????,???????“????,???”????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????:“????,?????”????????????“???????”,???

???????????,“????????????”???????????

8?????????2???????????????????????????????,??????????????,??????????????????????????:????????,???????????,????????,??????

???????,??????????

???:??????;??????,?“???????????????”;???????????,????6000????,????????????????????????

?????????,?????,????????????,????????????????????,????

??????“???????????????”????????????????????,????????“?”,????????,???“????????”????,?????“????”,???????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????

???,??????????????,??;

?,??,??“???????”???,????????,??56.5???,???????????????????26.4%,????????????????;

????????,???«??????»,???????????“????”??????????????????“???????????”?

?????,???????

????????????,?????????

?????????,???????,?????

??????,??????,????????????,??????

??????????????,???,?????,???????????????????????,???????:???33????????2023??????????,???????????

??????????????????,???????;?????????????????,??????????????,???????

?,??????????????????????,????????????????????????????“???”?????“??????????????????”????????????,??????

??????:?

“??????????,???????”«????»???????,??????,??????????????????,???????????,????:8??????10??????????,???????????,????88.7?????????,???????????

????,???????,???,??;?????????,??????????????,????;?????????????????????????,???

“?”????,????????????????????8???????8????,?70???????????????,????????????????,????????????????,???????????,???????????????480?????????????,?????????6.9???,??????

?????????,«??????»????????????,????????????????;“?????”????,?????,????????????“??,???????”:????????????,?????????????????

?????????????“??”????,??,???;?????????,?70???????,?????????????????1.7?????;????????????????138??????,??23?????

????????????????,???,??????,??????

??????????12?37????,????????????????????86????;

????,???????????;

????????“??+??”???????????????????????

?????????????(??)???:“???????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????,?,????????”

????????,??“??”?????:????,?????58???93?????

???????????????????,???????????,????,?????????????,???????????

???????????????,?????????????????2.2??????,??31.7%,??????????10.4%??????????????,???????

???,?? “????” ???????????????,????????????,??????????????????51.2%,?????????????“????????????”?????????????????“???”????????200????

????????:?????“??????”!

“?????????????????,???”?,??????,???

??????,?????????????????“????????”?

????????????????,??????????????,??,??????????????????

???????,?????????????????:?????????????!“??????,???”?????“???????????????”?????????????????????

?;?????

……

?????????????,????????????????????“??????”?????????????“??????”?

??????????:???????????????,????????????,??????????????????????????,????????????,????????????????,?????????“?”“????”“???????????????”????????????????,???????,????????????????,??,????????????????????????“????????????????”???,??????????“???”?

??????,???????,???????????????

???????,??????,?????????????2000????,????????,??,????????,?,?,????????????????“????,?????????????????” ???,???

??????,??,???????????,???????,??????,??????????????????????,“????????”?

??????,?????????????????,?????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????,??????

???,??????????????,???,????????:??1975?“???????????????????”???????;??????68????????,???????????2.2????????????,??????????????62????

??????????,????

????“???”????????????,????????,???????

????

???????????

???????

?????“??????”?????“????”????????????“????”???????????,????!??????,???????????,????

(????????????????? ??? ???? ?? ????) ???????????????:??????????????