?? 2024??????????!????????????????
????:1???????:????????
2?????vx
3?????2021
4??????????????
5???499???
??????10??????????????14??????????(??)2024???????????“?”?????????10????????14?????????????,2024??????????????????,Daron Acemoglu,Simon Johnson???James A. Robinson????????????
“??”???????????
????????????“???????”?????,??????????????“??”,?“??????????????????????????????”?????????????
???1968???,??????????????????,??????????????????????,???????????
???????????????“??????”,??,??????????????????67???????????2007????????(Leonid Hurwicz),???????????,?????????????90???????????????????????????2019?(Esther Duflo),?????46??????
??????,????????????????,????????????????????????2009????????????????(Elinor Ostrom)?
??????:??????????????“??”?
???????????????1969??????????????????2024????,???56????????????????,?90????????,???
“?????????,?????????????,???????????”???????????????????????
1994?????????“???????”???????????????????«??????????»?????????????????????????????2015??????????,??????????????????
2002??????????,?????“????,???????????????”?????
????:2018??????????????????2018?,?????????(William D. Nordhaus)??????(Paul M. Romer),??:“??”?“???”?
?,???????????????????????????,??,??????????????????
???????????????????
???,?????????????,??“????????”,“??????”?
2017?????????????????(Richard Thaler)????“?”???,????????????????,??,??????????,???????????????????,???
?,?????????
????,?7???????????????????????,??????????????500?5???????,?????????????????
???????????????????????????:2019???,???2019???????????,????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????,??????,??????????????????????,?????
“2019???????????????????,???,?????”????????????????(??)
????????:????