???????|??????????????????????????

????:????????:????????

????????????!?????????????????????????

??????,???????????????????????,???,???????……???,????????????????,?,?????????????????,????

??????,??????????????????????

??????????

?????????????,??????????“??????????????????”……

????«??»?????????????,????????,???????

?????????,????

“??????????????????,?,???,?????”??

???????????,?????????????“????,?????????????,???”??????,“???,????????”

???????????????,?????????

1935???????10????,??????7000????????1948???????????????????????3?????????,????280?????,??????????

???????,????????????3.7???????????,???445?????????????30?????????????????????????4.3?????……

???,????????????????

???,?????

????,??????,??????????????????????……?????????????????,??????????????

“????,??????,???????,??????!”???«???????»,?????????

“????????,????????????!”?????,??????????????????????????????????????????……????,???????????????

?????????:“?????????100???,???????????,???????????”

????????,????????????????????????

?????,???????????????????????????????70%???

“??????????????”?????????«???»?????????,“?????????????,??????,??????,????????”

?????

???“???????????”,???????????????????,???????????????????????,?????????,?????????

??7????????????????,????,???????????“????”?“??,?????”??????????,??,????????“????????????”?????????

???????,???,???????????????????????????????,????????,??????

????,?????????20????,??????????16???,?????

????????90????,?????,?,?????????,???,????????????3?,???????????????

?????,????????????????????????????????,????????,??????????????????????????????,????“??????????”?

“??????,????????????????????????????????,????????????”??,?????????????????

?????????,????????,?????????

???????????????,«???????»?????,??????????,????????????,????,?????

7?,??,?????????????????????,?,??????????????????

????,???……????,????????????????,??????,?????????“??????”???,????????

2019????????????????,??????,???????“?????????,????”???

??,?????????????,????

2023?????????6??,??????,?????????????????,??????

????,???,??????«??»,???,??????????????

“?????????,?????????????????????????????,?????????????,???????”????????????????

?

????????????????????,???????,«???»????????????????????????,“????,????”??????????????????,???????????

???????,?????

??,????????,????????

??????9?????????,?????«??»,????80??????????,??5?1????54???,4???????????????

“???????,?????‘?????’?????????????”?????,“?????????????????????????????,?????”

????,?????????????,???«??????????»?????????????????????????????

?????????“??”,??????????????????????:“??????,???????????,?????????”

???????????????????,???????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????;????????????????????????????????????????,???????????……????????,??????;??,??????

??????????,????????????“?????”??,?????????????

“???????????????????,????,?????????????????????”??????????????“90???”?????,“???,?????”

?????????????????,???????

??????????????,4????????,????????????;????600?????

2023??????,1100?????,??????????????;??????????????,??????

“????????,????;?????????,????;???????????,???”???,??,?????????????????,????????????????

???????????????,????????,??????????????

???????,???????????,????????????????

???????????? ?:??????????????????????? ???????:???