??????????,????????

????:?????????:???????

??????9????????????5????????? (??????? ??????????????? ???????????)???????????,???????????????,?“??????????????”,????????????????????,????????????“??????,??????????”?????????????,???

??????????

????????,???LED??????????????????????,????????,??

????,???????????????????,??????????,????,?????

“???????”,????

?????????,?“?????”?,?????????????(??????????)???????????????,???????????????????

?,2014?????2023?????????,???7402.7??????????????????,????????????12.1%???????????????2023?,???1066.4???,?34.4%???????????????,??????????11??????,?????????????????9???????8%?????????????????????????????

???????????????????,?????????“???????”?????????

2022????,????,??????????“?????????????????”???????????????????“????,???2400???????,??????????0.1%??10%?”??????

???,????:17??,???663.2????????????????????,?????10.1%??????????,?1??,????????2000????,???????8?????????

?????????????

????????????????,??????21????????????,???????????“???”?“??,??????????,??4000?????”?????

??????????????????????????????,????????????

17?,????????????????????75.9????????????????????????,?????????????23%???????????????,????,??????????????????????????

3?????????“?”??????

????????,?“????”,???????????????????????????????

???????,??2006??,???????,???????????12??,???????,?????????,??,???????????????350?????????,?10?????

“????,????????”??????????????,?????????????????,??3?????,???

??,??????????????????;?????????????????,“eWTP???????????????”???????????????;???????????????,??????????……

??,?????????????????????????,??????????????,???????40.4%???????????????????????????????????,????????????,??????????????????????????????

“????,???????????????”?????????(????????)??,??????????????,?????????,??????,?????

?,??????“??”???????????????,??????????????????,?????????8?,???,???1822?????,?????????????

????

??,???????????,????????2200?????,??????1.3??,????????53?????????

????????????????,?????????????,??????????????????11????????????:“???????????”???????????????,?????????????2007????????,?“??”?“???????”?

?????,?????????????????????????????

???????????????,??????????????2011??,??,??13???“??????”???????«???????»?????????,??????????????

“?????????????”???????????????,???????????????????????????????(?)????????,????????????

???4?????????,??????????30?????20?????????,??????????????

???4???????????????,?10????????????????,???2024???????(ATC)????????PLC??????????????????????????:“????,??????????”

??????????????????????

????????????

???????????????,????????

???????5???,??????????????,??????????????????“???????”?????????????????«?????????»??????????????????????,???????????,??????????????????,??,???????

?????,??????????2015???????,???????????5?,????????????12???,??6.67????

???????????????????????«??????????»?????«?????????»«??»«????»??????????,?????????????????30????,???????1500???

?????????????,?????????????????1970???,??16?????????????44?????????????,???2022????5????????????????????????????:“?,????,?????????????,??”

????,???,??????????,???????,???????????????????????????2???????,????,?;1???,?????????????????????????????,????????;5????????????????,????????????????????,??????????????50???60???????????;7?????,“????”?????,??????……

???????????????8??????,??????12??????????????(?????)

???:???????