????:1???????????:???????

2?????

3????????????

4?????

5?????

“??????????????????????????•?????????????”???????????????? ???????????

???

???:

????????????,???????,????75????,??“??????????????•??????”?????????????????:????????????????? ?????????????????

?????(??)????,?????????????????

???????????,????????????????????????????,??????????“????”???????????????????1986???????????????????“1127”??????37?,???????????11?????,????7??,?????????9???????,????300?????????????????????????“?”???????????,??438?,??????????“?????????”“?????????”“?????”“??”???????????????????,????????????????????????????,?????«?????»?

???:

?,??????????,????????????????????????,????????????????,???????????,??????????,??????,??????,???????,????????????,?,?????????????,?????????????????,????????

?,??????????,?????????,?????????????????,??????????????

??,??,????????????????,???,????,?????

??????,???????,???

???

???????

??????????

?????????????????,?????,????,????

1939?1949???????????????,??????????????,????(?????“????”)?????????????????,?“????”???????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????,1947???1949??,?????????????????“?”????“???”??“???”?????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????,???????,?????????????????,???????????????????“??????”,???????????,??????,????????«????????»???,???,????

?????,??“??”??????,???????????:“??????????????????,?????????????????,???????????,?????????????,?‘?’?”

?????????,???????,????1949?9?????????6??10?????28??????11????14????????11????27???????11????????????29?????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????,????????????????????,????????,????????????????“1127”??????????,????????200?????

?????,??????????,??????1??????????8??????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????,???????????,????,??15???????????????????

????,??,????20???????????????????“?????????”“????”“???”……?????????,??,???????????????!

?????????,????1948??????4????1949??????????11???,????,??????????????????,???????,?“????”“????????”“???”“?????????”?????????????????,????(????????????)??????,???????????????1949?????????????????12??????????????25???3?????????«??????????»?

“???????????”?????????????????,????“????”,??????????????????????????????????,?,??????????,???????????????????????????????????“????”?????????????,???????????????????:????????,??????;???,?????????????????????????????????????,????“???”???????,?,??????!

???????

???:

???????,?????????????????? ???????????????????

??????????200???,???????????,?????????????????????????????????????,???,????????????????,300?,?????????????????,???????310??28???1921?,?????????????????1949?????,?????????,??????

??????????????????,?,????????,???,?????“?????????????”;???,????,??????,????????????????????,???????????:“???,????”;??????????????????????????,?????????????????,??“????????”,?????????????,????,??????????????????????????????,???,?,??????????

???,?,???????????????,??????????????!

???:??????

????:?

????:????

?????????????:???????????????

??????????????????????????:???????????

???:???? ???

??????:?????????????

(??????) ??????:?????????