?? ?????75?????(????????)
????:1??????KTV???:?????
2?????90????????
3?????spa
4????????????
5???????????
????????????75??75???????????,??????????,???????????????????,??????,?,?????????????????????????,??
??????????????,?????????,???????????????????,2023???????223?????????????????????????GDP?????????????89?????????????????????43.6??????????……?75?????????????????,“??????????????????”???????????????75??,?“???”?????????,???????????????,???????????
?????????? ?????
??????7.9%
????
????????,?????????????????????????,??????????????????,??,????1952??679???????????????????,???????????1978?????3679???;???????,?,1986?1??,2000??10????????,2006????????20??,??12????10???,2020?100???????????????????????,2023???????????????????126?,??????,2023???1952??????????????????????????????223?????????????,???????7.9%;???,19792023?????????8.9%,?3.0%??
?????????????GDP??????8.9?????
????????????
1952???????????????,???????????????GDP??????????119?????????????????????????,?????????????????,????GDP???????????2019?????????,??GDP???70078?,??????????10158??????????,?????????1?;2023???????89358??????,????1952?????89????????????,?????6.5%,????????12681?,??????????????????3????1.2??????????????,2023???(GNI)???1.34??????????,??
??
?
????????,??????????,???1952??????,??????????????????????????????????????????50.5%?20.8%?28.7%???????????????????????,????,?????????????
?????,?,??????????,?????,?????????2023?????????,???????????????????????????????7.1%?38.3%?54.6%???,??????????9?1.3??????,??????,??,??????????????????????????,???????,????“??+”????????????????????????
“???????????”??22.4????????
???????????????
???????,?????????,??????????,???????,???????????????????
20132023??,??????????????8.7%?10.3%,??????,???????????5G????????,“?”?????,???????????????????
????????????2023?????????????,?????????421?????????????;?????????,??????????????
???????????,??????????????????????????,“?”?????2023????,???????????“?????”??22.4???,?????GDP??????????????17.73%?
?????
?????????????????
1949???2.2??,???????????8.1??????,???????75??,??????????,??,??????????????,??????
2023??????????????????,??????15.9?,?????1949??????????6????????????,??????????4.5??,???2/3????;??????????????????544?????????,?????66??????,???????????18.4???????????????????????,?;??????????????12.8????????,????????????74.1%;??????????876?????????????????,2023??1.7?,?2016?10???,???,?????????????
??????????????3.92???
????????????????????
1949????49.7????????1978?,????????171?????????????????????????????,??????151????,????????????????,??,???????????,????????????????,???????????2023???,?????39218????,?1949???76?,??6.0%;?26796?????,??1956???36?????????,??????????5.5%?
????????????????,????????????????????????,????2023????,???29.8%,????????????1978???????????34.1??;?45.2%,?2013???????????????????5.5??????????,?,???????????2023??,???????49.7???,??145.9???,??????2013?????????2.9???????2.1??
???????????
??
?,??????????????,???????????
?,??????,????????????,?????,???????????????????,???,???????????
2023??,????????10.66????????????,?????1989??????????????10.09????;?????2.44??3.02????,???1994?????????????1.64?????????????????2.84???????,?,???,???????????
9899?????????
????????????
???????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????20?????????5070??,?????,??????????????????????,????“??????????”????,????????????????????????????,????????????
?,?????,???????????8??????????,??????????????????????2020???9899????,832????????,12.8??????????????,????????????,???????????,?????????10???«??2030???????????»?????????????????,?,????
??????????????60%
??
??,???????????????,???,???????????????
2023????????,?????????????????????????91.1%?95.7%?91.8%;??????????????????????????1.6?????4542??????????,?????????????????????1949???????6.4?????103?????????????,????????????????(OECD)??????????
????????????,?,?????????????????2023??????????,?????????????60%,????????????;?????????1982???????8????????????11.05??,?????????????????
??????
?????
1950????????,?????11.3????????,?????????????1978???206?????????????????????,??,2001??,????????,???????
????????????,???????????,????,??????1978??????????1%??????2023???????????12.4%,?7????????????????“???”??????????????????????????,??????150???????30????????230??????????“??????????”????,????????25???200??,??????????????????????????“?????”?
??
??????????
?,????,???????,????,???1999????????????,??????????????????????????????????????2012????,?,?4.9,??????????1952???????????????????????8.1?
????????????,????????????????????????????,??????????20132023??????????,???????????????????????????????????6.9%?7.1%,???????????2023?,??????????????????????????????????46.7%?24.4%,??2012???????2.9?????0.9???
???????46.3?????
???
??,????????,???????????????????1956???????????????????“???”????????????,????????????????,????,????????,????????????
???,????????????????,??,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????“?????????”,??????????????????????,????????????11????,?,?????????????????????????????2023???,??????????????,???????46.3??????
????66%
???????????
??,??????????????1949?10.64%,1978???????17.92%???,????????????????,??????????2023??,?????????????9.3?????,?1978???7.6?????;??????????????66.16%,????????48.24??
???????????????????,????????????,???,????????2023???????,????????????48.3%,?????????2015??????????8.4??????????????????????,??,??????????,???????????????2012??????????2.88:1?????2023???????2.39:1?2023???????????????????,??????????????12.4:1,?2013?1.4?2023?????????460???????,???????99%???,??????14.4?????
?????????3246?????6833?????????????
?????
1949?????????????,???????,??,?,????2023??????????????????????????,??3246???6833?,??1949????????????59???325???;??119?(??)?
?????,???,???,???,??2022??,??4.46%,???????2013????????0.77?;?2012??888?????????2023??????????1622???????????
?????????????78.6???????
???????????
??????????,???,???????75????????????,?,??????????????,?????????2023????,????????107???,??1017?????,???????1249???????????
?,??,????????????????,??????????????2023????,?13.34??,??????????2018????95%?????????2023?????????,?????????????78.6??,??????????1949?????????????43.6??????????????????????????????,???
???24.02%
??
20????50???????,????,????,?,??“??”?????????2022????,?????????9014?,????????????20???????80?????????25?????????????30????????;??????????18%,??
????????????,“????”?????????????24.02%?2023???,???????????(PM2.5)??2016??28.6%,????????????????21.6???????????????,????????????????????????????????,??“???????”?“????????????????”,??(?) ?????:?????