??????????:????????“??????”??

????:?????????:??????

??????????????????11??23???? ???:????“?”??

??????????????

??????????????? ?? ? ?

“??”?????????????11??18???????????20?????????????????????????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)??“???????????????????”????????????????????????,????????,“???”????????????,??????,????????????????,???????????“???”,??,????????

??????????????:

???:??

???????????:20????????????70????????????????,????????????????????????????,?????,?????????????????,?????????????????????,?????????,??????????“?”?

???????????(Thomas Berry),???????“??????”?“?????????????????”??????,????????????????????????(William Theodore de Bary)?,???????????(Carlton Hayes)???????????????

2024??11?20??,“?????????????”??????????????????????????(??)???????????????????????? ? ??

??:??????“????”???????????????,???

????????????????????????:???????????????“????????????????”“????????”“??”????????,“?????????”???????????????,?????????“???????,???????????????;??????,??????????”,?????????????????“????????????????”?????

“???????????”??????,????“????”,??????????“????”?,?????,?????,???????????,?????“?????????????”??“?”???????????????“????”??????????????,??,?????????????“????”????

?????,??????????,????? ??????? ????????

?:???????“???????????????”“?????”“??”??????,????????

???????????????????????????:????????,?????????????“???”,??????????“???????”,???“??”???“?”??????????

??,?,??????,????,???“?”???????????,??,????????????????????,???????????????????

?????????????:??????????

??????????????????????????????:????,?????,???????????????????????????????……??,?????????????????“??”????????

70??«????»?????,???,????“??”?«?»,??????????????????????,???????????,?????????????????,??????????,????????????????,???????????????????,????

??????:???????????

??????????????????????????????????????????:???????????,?????,???????????????,?????,????????,?????,????,???,????????????????,???

???,???????????????,????????????????“??”???????????????,??????????????????????“?????”???,????????????????????????,?????,??????????????

2016?,????????????,????????112????????????? ??????? ???????????

???????????????????????,??????????,?“?????”??????????????????????,?????,???,???????????????????????????????????????????,??“??”,???(????)

??:

?????????????????????????????????? ????? ?????

?????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),?????,??????????????????????1997???????,????«?»«???????»?????«???????????»?

?????????????????????????:????????