????:1???????:?????

2?400?????

3???????

4?????300?3????

5??????

??11??20????? ???????????????????:“????”?????

??????????????

?? ??????????

“??”???????????“?”“???????,??????????????”“?????”????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????“?????????????????????”???,??“????”,????????,????,?????

??:

????????:???

?????????????????:????????????????????,??????????????????,“??”(????????????800??200???)??????????????,?????????????????????,??????,???????“??”?

????,????“?????????????”??,??????????????????,????“??”“??????????”?????????????,????,??????????,“??”??,??“????”,??????????????????

???????????????????????????

??????:“???????”???

??:???????(Louis Henkin)????,“???,????????????,?????????????????,???”“?????”??,??????????“?????????”??“????”??????(????),????,???????????????????????,??????????????????,??????

??,“?????????????????”???,????“?????????????”,??,????????,????«?????»?????,???162??“?????????????”,?“?”?????????????,“????????”(«??»),“???”(«???»),??????“??,???????????????????”(«????????????????????»),?????“???????????????????????,????”(«??????????»)???“???,?????????????”(«????»,?«??????»)??????????????????,????????????????“??”???

?,“????????????”??,???????“????”,????,??????«??»????“???????????????????,????????,???,???????”(«??????????»)??????????????????????????????????????“?,??,??”(«????????????????????»)???????????“?????”???????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????“???,??????,?????????,??”(«?????????????????»)????????????????????????“????”??????????????,?????,????

?????,“????”????????????????,??“???”,??,??,????????????????????????????,???“???”???????,????????,“?????????????”??“?????”(«?????????»),?????????????????????????,????????????????????????“????????????????,?????????????”(«?????????????»)?“????”????“????”(«?????????????????????»)??????“????????????”(«???????????»),???“???”(«????»)???“?????”????“?????”????????????????,???????“???????????”“?”“??”?????,????????????????“???”????????????????????,??????????,???“????????,????”(«????????????????????????????»)?“?????,??”(«??????????????????????????????????»)?

?????,“??????????”????,??“????”,???,?????????????????????????????????????,????????????,????????????????????“??”??????????????????????????,???“?”??,???????????????????????“???”(«?????????»),???????,?????????????????????????“??”?????????????“????”“???”,??????“??,??”(«????????»)?“??,????”(«????????????»),???

???,“??”?????????“?????”“?????”“???”“??????????”“??”?????????????????????????????,“???????”????,“????”???????,“???????????????????”????????,“?????”?????,“???”?????????????,“??”?????,???,?????????????????????

???????????????????????

???:?????“?????”??????

??:“??”?????,??????????????????????????????????????,???,???????,???????????????????????????????,?????,???????????,???????????????????,???,???

??????????“??”????????????????,???????????2300??,???,????????????????????,?????,????,??????????????????????????“???”??????????????????,????????

???????:???“?????”??????????“??”?

??:????,“????????????????”?????????????????????????????????????????“??????????????”??“????”,?:??????“??”???????,?????,??????;??????????????,???????????????????????????????????,??????????,?????;????????,??,?????,?????(?)

??:

???????????

???,????,?????,????????????????????????????????????????,?????,?????«????????????????????????»????

??????????????:?????