????:1?????:????

2???????

3?????????

4???????????

5????????

“????•???”???? ??

???

????:

???,???????????????,????75??????????????????,????“???•?????????????????”???????????????????:? ?????????????

?????????????????(??)????,?????????????????

?????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????,???“??”???????????????????1986?????“1127”?????37????,???11???,????7?????,???????????9????,????????????????????????300??????????“??????????????????????????”??????,????????438????,??????“??????”“??”“??????????????”“?????????”????????????,???????????????,???????«?????»?

????????:

??????????,???????,?????????,??????????,??????,???????,?????????,????????????????,???,????????,???,??????,??????,????

??,?????????????????,?????????,?????????????????,????????

???,?,??????,????????,?????,??????????????

???,???????????,???????

??

???????????

??????????

??????,???????????????,????????,????

1939??????1949?????????????????,????????????????,?(????“????”)?????????????????????????????????????????????,????“????????”?????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????,????????????????,1947????????1949??????????????????,???????????“??”?????????????“???”???“??”??????????,??????????????????????????????????,????????????????????,???????????,??????????????????“???????????????????”,???????????,????????????,?«??????»??,?????,??????

????,??????????????????“???”????,???????:“???????????????,???,????????????????????????????????,??,?‘??????’?”

???????,????????,??????????????1949?9?????????????????6????10????????28???11?????14????????????11?27???????11?????????????????????29??????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????,????,??????,??????????????“1127”??????????????????????,?????????200????????

?????,????????,????1????8???????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????,????????,??????,?15???

????????????,???????????,???????????????20??“??”“?”“?????????????”……???,???,???!

?????????????,????????????????????1948??????????4???????????1949??????????11????,???,??????????????????????????????,??????????,??????“????”“??????”“?”“??”????????,??(?????)????????,?1949????????12??????????25??3???????«???????????»?

“?”????????????????,??“?????”,???????,????,?????????????,?????????????????????????“????”????????????,????????????:?????????,?????;??????,??????????????????????????,??????????“?”?????,???????????????,??!

????????????????

?????????????:

????????,??????????????? ????

????????200??,??????????,???????????????????????????,?????????,????????,300???????????????,??????,?????????????????310?????????28????????????????????????????1921??????????????????????????????,???1949????,??????????,??????????????

?,????????????,?????????,???????,??????????“???????”;?????????,?,???????,???????????????????,?????:“?????????,??????”;????????????????????,????,????“??????????”,???????????????????,??????,??????????????????????,???????????,????,???

???????????,???,???????????????????,????!

?:?

???????????:????

??:?????

???:????

?:?????

????:???? ???????

????:??????????????????

(??????????) ?????:???