????:1??????????:??9????????

2???????

3??????????

4???????

5?????????

??????????????????????/??????

???????????,?,?????

???,?,???????????????????????,??????????(GDP)?????????????????????????

??

???????????,????GDP??????????4.8%??????????????,?????????,??GDP???0.9%,???????,????

??“??????????????”?????,9???????????????????????10????(PMI)????5????,?????????????

???????,????GDP?????????????2.8%,?????????70%???????????3.7%,?????????????0.9?????3.3%,?????????0.6????????

?????????,???????,???,??????????,??????????????????,??????????

?????????GDP????????0.9%???????,???????????????,????GDP??0.2%,????????GDP??0.4%????0.8%?

????,???????????????????????,???GDP????????????????7.4%,??????GDP????5.3%,????????????????????????GDP?????4.1%,??????2.9%?

?????????,?????????GDP????0.1%,????????????????????????,?????????????,???????????????2.2%???????????????2.3%,??????????????????????2.4%?

??????????????????????

???,????,????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????

???????,?????????,??????????

??,??????????,????????????(IMF)????,??????,?7%,?????????????????????GDP???????,?????????

???????,????????2023??????????????????10????????????,2024???2.7%,?2023????1.2%??????????

?????????,??????????????“??”“???????????”???“?”????,?????

????,“????”?????????????????????2000??????????????2023????????????,“????????”????????????“????”????25.1%?????????????????42.1%,????“????”????????????????32.1%??????48.8%?

??????????????“???????????”????????????????????2000????????2023????,“?”?????2.2%??????5.4%,???????????????4.0%???????????11.9%?????“?????”?? ??:???????