??????? ???????“??????”

????:??????:95?98??????

????????10?22???????????? ?????????????,??????????21?,?99?????????????????,?????????“???????,??????”

??1925???????,1949??,??;??,?????;20???60????????,??,????(The University of Iowa)?

1967????????,?????????????????“????????????”,????????????????????????100??????,?????????????????,?????????

?????«???»«??????????»«???,??????»??,????????????????????;1990?????,?«????????????»??????“??”?

????«???»??????,“?????????????????????,????????”

???????«???»?????21?????????,“????”?????????????????????,“?:????????,????,?(?????)?”

????????,????????????,???“?????????”“?????”?(????) ???????????:???????