????:1???????????:?????????

2??????????

3???????????

4??????????

5???????

????10????14?(??)2024??“????”????????????????10????????14??????????,2024??????????????????,Daron Acemoglu,Simon Johnson???????????????James A. Robinson????

“??????????????????????????????”???????????

?????????“???????????????”???????????????????,???????????“???????????????”,????“????????????????”??

?????????????1968?????????,??????????????????????,???????,?????

????????????“???”,??,??67???2007?(Leonid Hurwicz),?????????????????,????90????????2019??????????(Esther Duflo),??????????46????

??,????????????,????????????2009????????(Elinor Ostrom)?

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????????“???????????”?

???????????1969???2024????????????????,????????????????56??????????????,??????????????????90???????,???????

“??????????????,?????????????,???????”?????????????

1994???????“???????”????????????«??????»????????????2015?,?????????????

2002??????,???“?????,?”????????????

????????????????:2018???

2018??????,????????(William D. Nordhaus)?????????????(Paul M. Romer),???????????:“??”?“?????????????????”?

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2017??????????????????????????????????(Richard Thaler)???????????????????????“??”????????,?????????????????????????,????????????,????????????????,???????????????????????????,??????????

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2019??????,???????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????,???,??????????????,????????????????????????????

“2019???????????,??????????????????,??”??(???)

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