????:1???????:?????????

2?????????

3?????

4???????

5?????1298????

???10????8????????? ????????????:???????????????????8????,?????2024?????????????????(John J. Hopfield)???????(Geoffrey E. Hinton),??????????“??”?

?????????????,??????????????,???????,???

??????????,“????????????,????????????,???,??,???????????????,??????????????‘???????’,???,?????????????????????????20??80?????,??????”?

???????????????????????,????????????,????????????????,???,????????????????????????“?????????????????”

???????????????????(Ellen Moons)????????,“????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????,???”

??,?????????????1933???7??,???????????????????????1947????12???????,??????????????

?????????????????2022?????????????????????????????????2018???????(????) ??????????:??????