????:1??????????MM:????????????

2?????????????

3???ktv????????

4??????????????

5?????

?????????????“????”???????????????,??????????????????

??????75?????,?????????????????(???“????”)???“?”????????????????“?????????????”????,????????????100??“?”??100?????“???????????”??????,?????????8?“??????????????????????????”???????,???,??,?????????,?????,???????????75?????

??????75?,?,????????????????“?????”??,??????????????????????????,???????????,?????????16????????????????????????????,????????4.6?,????70%,???????????,?????75?????????????,????????,?????

????,????????,?“????????????”?????????????????,????“?????????”?????,????????????“????”?,??“???”????????????????????,????????????????

????????????“??????????????????”???????12306?????????????????????8??????????“?”?,?????«???????»«?????????????»«??????»«???»«??»«??????????????»«??????????????????»«???????»??,???????????????????????????,?????????????,????“????”????,?,????????????????,?“??????”?

????,??

“?????”,????????

???

????

1949?????,?????????????????3??????????25???????????6???????,??????????????,??????,???

???,????????“??”,???

1949?5?????1??,????????????????:“?????”,????????????“?????????,?”?????

1949????10??????????????????1??,?????,??????????????????,??

1950???????1????????22?,«?????»????????????????????????????“??”?????,??“??”??????????????,?????;????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????,????“??????,???????????????”???????

“???????????????”????????

??????????????????

???????,??????,???????,??????????????,???????“??????????”“?????”,???????????“???????”????????

??????????????,??????????“????”???,????,???????,“???”???,?????????78????????????????,1946?8?,??????????????27?????????,???

????“?”????????????????????????,???1949????????,?????????????????,????????,???,???????1200?????????,?????????

????????????,??????????9?????????????98?????????4000??????????,?“??”?

“??!”???????????????,?????????1952?,??“????”???,????1958?????????????,????“????”????,???????????;????????,???6Y1?????,??????????,???????????????????????,??,????????????,??????,??

“?????”????,???“?????????????????????”????,????????????????:???????,???????????????,???????,????????“????????????”???,??????????,???,???!

70????,“??”????????????:????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????

???????

????

???????,????????,???????????????????????????????????

????“?????????”??????,??“??????????”???????????????1909?,??????????,???????????????????,????,????????????

???????????,??????????????????????????????“???”??????,?????????,????????????????,?????

????“??”???,????2019????,???????????????????350?????????????????“??????????????????????”???,????,????????????“?”???“?”?????????????????????“????????????”,???????

?????????????:??????????,1949?????2.1?????;1978?????,5.2??????????;2003?????????????,7.3???;2012??????,9.8????????????????;2024????????,?????????16????????,??????????????,?????

???????????2.18?16?????,???????????????,?????????,?,???????,????

???????,1951?,?????????,???????1982???????,??,?????,????,??????????????????71????????????????????????,????,?????????110????,????????????????????????????“?????”??“??”??,??????????!???,???????????

???????“????”????“??”????????????????????????,?????,???110??????????!??????,????,?????“?????”???,??????????,??????????

?12306??????

??

?“??????????”,?,????,???????????????12306???????

“???”??????????????1980???«????????»?????,?????????????,?????????,???????????????,??????????,?????????????????,????

?????????«12306????????»???:“???,???????,???????????????,??????????????????????????????????,????????????,???????????????,????????????????????,???????,?????????????,?????????!”

???????????????????,????,???……???????????????,12306????,????????

?????????,??????????,????????,“??????????”????,????????

???????“???????”????????

?????

???????“????????????????????????”????????,??????????????,?,???????????????,??“??????”?????????????

“????”??????22??????????????????????????????691???????????????????28????????????……?????????????“?????”???????,??????????

6063???????????,?6063?18???1958???????,?6063???,????????60???????,???????,???,????“????????”??????????????1??????,?????????????6063????????,??,?????????

“????”

???????

??????????????????????????????“???????????”????????????,??????????“??????????????????????”????????????????,??????????“????”?

??????2021?????12???????????3???????????????????????3?????,??,???????????????????????“??????????”?,????????????????????????????????10???????????????????2900???????????,????????????

???,?????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????,??????????????????,??“????????????”???????????????????“????”????????,???????????

??,???????????????????????,??????????,????????,???????,???,?????????????????????,??

????,????????,??????????,??????????????

??

??

?,???????????????,?,???????????

2013???????,???????????????????25?????11??????????????51???????????,68????????500???2?????,?????????????

??????????????4?????,?????,????????????????????,????????10????????????,??,??

?????????,2024??6?,“???????”?????2023????????????,?????????,???????

????,??????????????????????,????????????????????????,??????,??????????????,????,???,????????,???????????????,?????????,??“CR450??”,???????????400????

???????,???????????????,?????????????????,??????????????????,???????????“???”???????,???“?????????????”???!(???????????? ??????????)

???:???? ????:????????