???:???????

????:????????:???????

???????? ??

????2024.8.19??1153???«???»??

8?????????????4??????????????,???????,???????????????????????????????,????,????????????«?????:??????????????????»(???????????????????????«?????????????»)?

??,????????????????7?????,?????????,???????????«?????????»,?????????????????????,???????????????????????,??99????,??????,??????????????(?????????“?”)????????

1956???,?????????,????“???????”?????,????????????

67?,????????????????8???????????4????????2??????33????????,????,??97???????????8???11???,??????????????,??????????????????,????????????,?:“?,??????????????????????????”

????????????“??”????,??????????????????

??????????

??,?????????,????????,??“???????????????????”,???

8???????????5?????????????,????????????????????????????????????????,???????60?????????,???????8????,«?????????»?????????????,????,?????????????????“20??????????????????”?

1956??????,??????,????????????????“????”,??????????????,???????,????????????????????????????????,??????????????,????????????,??????????????????

“??????????????,????????????”????????????«????»?????????????,??????????????????????????????????,?????????????,????????

20?????????40????,?????????,???????,????????,?????????,????????????????????????????,?“?????”??????????,????????????????????,????????,?????????????????“??????????????”?

??????1955????,??,?????????????1956??????????,?????????????????«?????????????????»??????????????,???????????????????????????,???????????“??????”,?????????????,?????????????,1956??,??????????????????????1?????,????????,?????????????

?????,????????????????,??????????????????????,??????????1956????1957??????,??????????????13????????????????,??????????????????????

?,????:?????????????????

????????????,????????,????????????1945??????????,???????????,??????????????,??????,??“?,?”?

1948????????????????,?“???????”????????????,??????????????,?????????,?????,????,???????1950???????????,???,???????????“????”???????????,???????????????“???????”?

????????,?????????????????:“??????????????????????????????,????,???????????????”??“???????????????”,?????????,??,???????????????????,?????????,??,??????????“????????????,????”?

??????????,???????,??????????????,??????????????,???????????????????,????1949?2010??,????????????????60???????????????,???????????300?????,???????????60??????????

??????????????????,??????????«???????»?????,???????,??,?????????????????

?????????1957?????,????????????????(???????)?????????????(??)?????(?)??????????????????(?????),?(??????)???????????/???

“?????????????????????‘????????’”

20????80????,??????????????,?????????????????????????????,????????“????”?

?????????????1979?????,?????????????33?,?????????78?????????????????????????????????,?????????????,?????,?,?7???????,????????????“?????????,??????????,??????”??????

“??,???”???,?,???????????(CUSPEA)??,???????5?,??????,??????,????,CUSPEA???????????????????????

????1962??????????????1970?????????????,??????????????????????䇹??,???????1979????,??????????CUSPEA,????????????,?“??????”?????,CUSPEA???????????1981?????????????

“???,???????????,??????????????‘???????????????????’?”??????1980???????????,?,????,?????1981???????????????????????????????CUSPEA?5??????????,????,“??????????”??????????????,????????????CUSPEA???,???????????????????????????,??,?????????????

«?????????»??????????????,??????????????,???CUSPEA?9??????????,????????????76?????,????????????????????????,?????????????????

“????,??”??????????????????«??????»???????????????1986?????,????????????(CCAST)?????,????????????CCAST????????????????????,???,????,?????????,????????????????????

CCAST???30?,?,??????????????????????????,?????????????????????,????????

???,??????????????????CCAST????????????,????????,???????,??????????“??????????????,??”

1988??????,???????????????(BEPC)???,??????????????????,????????,????,?????,2004?????????????????2009??????????????,BEPC????,???2010????????,??????,?????

??,??????,???1986??????,????????????,???????????1996??????,????????30???????“???????????????䇹??”,????????????????????,???????

“??????????”???????????,2010???? CCAST????????????“?????????”??,??????,????????????????????????????“??”:“?,????????????????;??????,?????????????;?,????????????”?????,???????,????“???????????????????????”

?????????????????

2020???????,?????????????«?????»?????????,???????????????1962????????1962?????????????????“??,??????”?????????

“?????????,?????,?????????????????,????????????????????????????????????,?,????????????????????????????”

1986??,?«??????????????»??????????,???,???????????????????,??????????“?????,?”????????????????1962????????????????,?????,??????

???????????????????1946????9?????????,??

1948?,??????,????????,???????????????????????????????????????,????????,??????????????????,??,???????

????????????????????????????????1951???????10?,?,????????????????????,?Yang???????????Lee,???????????Lee???????????Yang?

????????«??????????????»,1952???????????????3???,???,????????????????????1955???????????,????????????????????,??,???????????,?????

?????????????,????????“???????”??????????1957????,??????????,????????,??,?,??????,??????????????????????????,???1958?1959????????????,?????????????????,????

1960????,?????????,?????????,?????,??????????,???????????????????????????????

????????????????????,?????????????29????????????????,???22??????,?????????????????,????????????????,???????????????

????????,???,??????,?,“??”??????????????????«???????????»?,???,???????????,???

2011????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????,?????????,?????????????????????????????,???,??????????,???????????,????

????,????,?????,????????,?????,BEPC?????????????,?????????????,??????

??????????????????????????? “????????,??”,????????,???????????????“???????????????,?”,?????

???????????,??,????????,???????????????,?????????䇹1996??,?,???????????11?????????????????,?????:“???,????????????”

«??????????????????»2024?????31???

??????:??????«????????»? ??????:????????