2023?????????????3.3???

????:????100???:??????????

?????10???????2?? (????????????? ?????)??????2?«2023??»??,2023?????????????(R&D)??3.3??????(?????????,???),??????33357.1??,??8.4%,???????“????”?“???7%?”??????????

???R&D??????2012??????1??????????,2019??2??,2022??3?????????????????,???R&D?,?????????

??,2023?????R&D?????????????(R&D???????GDP???)??????2.65%,??0.09?????,??????“???”?????0.02??????,???????R&D???12??,???????(OECD)?(2.73%)?

???????????????????R&D????????2023???,???????????????R&D?25922.2????3856.3?????2753.3???,??8.6%?1.1%???14.1%???,????R&D?????????77.7%,?????2022??0.1???????,???(79.0%)??(79.4%),??????(67.4%)????(65.8%)??

?????R&D????????,2023???????????2259.1?????3661.5???27436.5??,?????11.6%?5.1%???8.5%???,???R&D?6.77%,???(??) ????????:????