2023?????????????3.3???

????:??200????:????95?98?

??10???2??? (? ??)???????????????????2???????«2023?????»??,2023????(R&D)?????3.3??(???,???),??33357.1??????,??????8.4%,?????????????????“??????????”??“??????7%???”????

?????????R&D????????2012??1??,2019??2???,2022??3???,????R&D???????,????????

?,2023???R&D??(R&D??GDP???)????2.65%,?0.09?????,?“???????”??0.02??????,????R&D????12????????,?????(OECD)??????(2.73%)?

??????????????R&D?????????2023?,?????R&D??????25922.2????3856.3??2753.3?,??8.6%?1.1%???14.1%????,??????????????R&D??77.7%,???2022???????0.1????,?????(79.0%)?????????????(79.4%),???(67.4%)??????????(65.8%)?????

?R&D??,2023???????????????????2259.1???3661.5?????27436.5??,??????11.6%?5.1%?????????8.5%???,?R&D?????????????6.77%,????(??) ????????:??????