????:1?????????:????

2?????????

3????????498

4?????????????

5?92939598???????

?????10????5??? (?? ? ??)2024??????75????,??????????????????75??

????????,??????,????,????????????????????,???????????,?????????1950???????????????????6????????,???????????,???,?????????

?? ????

??????????????????,?????????1918???,???????????,???????,??????????16???????????????“?????????????????”,??????

?????????,????????,?????????????????,??????????,???????,???,????????????????“??????”????

??,??,????????,?????????,??????????????,?????,?????????

????????,???,??????????????????????1919????????????1924????????????,?????????????????????“??”,??

???????? ??

????,??,??,?????????????,?????

1925????,?????6????????,????????????,???????????,?????????????????????“???????????”,????????6???????????????1926??,???????????“??”?????

??????????,?????????,???????,??????????????????????????,????,????????????????????,????,?????????,??,????????????????,??????????????

??????????“?”????,??????,????????,??,??,??????????????????

??,??????????????????,1931????“????”???????????????,???????????????????,?????????????????????,?????????????,“??”

???????????????,“????”???4??????????,???????????????????????????“????????”???????????,??????????????????????,??????

??????,?,????,??,????????????????????????????,??????????????????,????,?????????????????????????????,??????????????

???????? ??????

1949??????????????????????5?????????????3?,???????????????,?????????,???????????????????????????,???20?????????????,????????????????????,????????,??,???????????

??????,?????,????,?????????????????????????????,??,?????????????????????“????”????,?????????????,??,?????????????????,??????????

1950?????????,????????????,????????????,??,?????????,?????????????????,?????????,????????????,?,????????,?????????????????????

??????????????????«????»?????,??????????????????:1954????4??????????????????????????1????????????????????????,??,?????????????????????????1925????????,?????,??????????,1927???????,?????????????,????????????????,????????????

??????,?????????????,????????????????????????????????,????????,???????????????????????80??,?,????????,????????????????,????????????????

????:“??????????,????,????????????,?????????,?,???????”(??????????) ?????????:?????????????