?????????????????:“????”????????

????:??????????:???????

?????11?????????20??? ???:“??”?????

???????

???????????????????? ?????

“????”??????????“???”“???,??”“????????”????????????????,???????????????????????“?????”??????????????,????????????????“??????????????”,???????,???????,????

?????:

?????:??????

????:???????,??????????????????????,“??”(?????????????????800????200????????????)?????,???????????????????,???????????????,?????“?????????????????”?

??,??“??”??,???,??“??”“????????”????????,??,???????,“???????”?????,????“????????????????????”,?????????????

?????????????

???????????:“????”?????????????????

?????????????????????????:???(Louis Henkin)??,“????,?????,??,??????????????????”“????”??,????????“?????”?????????????“??”?(??),?????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????,??????

??,“????????????”?????????????,??“??”,?,??????????????????,????«????»???,???162?????“??”,???????????????????????“?????”?????????????,“???????????????”(«???»),“???”(«????????????????????????????????»),??“???????????????????????????????,???”(«????????»),??“???????,????”(«???????????»)????“??,??”(«????????????????????????????»,?????«????????????»)?????????????,????“????????????????????????????”????????

?????,“???”?????,???“???????????”,?????????????????????,?????????«??????????????»????“???????????????????,???????????????,?????????,?????????”(«????????????????»)?????“??????,???,?????”(«????????????????????»)???????“??”????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????“????????,??,????,???”(«?????????»)???????????????????????????????????“??????”????????????,?????,????

????????,“???”??????,????????????“????”,???????????????????,????,?????????????????????????,????“??”????????????????,?????????????????,“?”?????????“???????????”(«????????????????????????»),????????,??????“???????,????”(«??????»)?“???”????????????????“???”(«??????????»)????????“???????”(«??????????????????????????????»),???“???????????????”(«??????????????????????????»)?????????????????????????“?????”???“??”????,??“?????”“??”“?????”??,???????“??”???,???,??????????“????,???????”(«?????»)?“???,???”(«????»)?

????,“?????????”??,??“??????”,?????????,???????,?????,??“??????????”???????????,????“????”??,???????????“?”(«?????????????»),??????,??“????????”??????????????“???????”“??”,??“??????,??”(«?????????????????????????????????»)?“?????????????,????”(«???????????????????????????????»),??????????

????????????????????????,“??????”??????????“?”“?”“????”“???”“???????????????”???????????????,“???????????????”?,“?”????????????????,“????”????????????,“????????????”????,“??”?????????????,“??”????????,???,??????

???????????????????????

?????:?????“???”?????

????:“????”?????????????????,?????????????????,??,??,?????????????????????????????,??????????,??,????????????????????,??,????

?????????“??????????”???,???????2300??,????????,????????????,??,????,?????????????????????????“????”?????????????????????????????????,???????????

?????:???????????????????????????????“??”???“???????????????????”?

?:?????,“???????”?????????????“??”??“?????”,??:?“??????????????”?????????????,??,?????????????????;??,????????????????????,?????,????;????????,?????,???????????????,????(??)

?????:

?????????????????????????????????????

??,????,??,?????????????????????????,??,??«????»?????????

???:??