????:1??????????:??????

2??????

3????????

4???????

5?????vx

?10?2?? ?????:“??”??:? ??

???????? ?? ?

“??”????????????????,??????????“??????????”????????????????????,?????????

?????????????,?,????????1950?,????;1974???,?????????;2016???????????,???????(IUCN)?????????????“?”????????????????“?????????”;2021?????????????,???????????????????……???????,??728?????????,??????1900????,“?????”?????????????

2021???11????????????????12??????,???????????????????????????“???????????????”?????“?”??????????????????????????“???”????????????? ??????????????????? ????? ?

??“????”

2024?????????6?,?,8??“?”??????????????????(??????????????“?????????????????????????”)???,??

?????????????????????,????????“??”???????????????????????,????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????“???”?

“??????????????????,??????”????????,??,??

2018??????????????????12?????????27??,??????????“??”?????????????????(?????)????? ??? ?????

“????????????”??

?????,??20???????????????????,?????2.1????????????????,??????????????

??????“?,????????????,??????????‘???’?”???????,?????2.2?,?????????????72%????????

???????????????????????????,??????????????????????12?????????,??????,??,???,???????“??????????????????????????????”????

7??????5?????????????????,????“??”???????????????????????? ? ????

“????”????

?????,????????????????“?”“????????”?????,“????????”?,????????“?????”“????????????????”????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????20??26????,????????????????????????????????

“??,??????????????”??????????????,?????????????????,????

?,??????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????,?????????“???????”;??……??,??“?”????“????,?????”????????,???(??)

?????????????:??????????