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5?????98?

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????????1968??????????,??????????????????,???????????,??

????????“????”,??????,??????????67?????????????2007?(Leonid Hurwicz),????,????????????????90?????????????????????2019???(Esther Duflo),???????46???????????

???,?????????????,????????????2009???(Elinor Ostrom)?

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????????????????1969????2024??????????,????56??,???90????????,????????????

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1994????????“??????????”????????????????«??????????????????»?????????????????2015???????????,??????????????????????????

2002?,??“???????????????,?????????????????”??

?:2018?????????????????????????

2018?????????????,?????????????????????(William D. Nordhaus)????????????????????????????(Paul M. Romer),??????:“???”?“???”?

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