????:1???????????:?????????

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3?????????

4???????

5???150????

??????????(???????????“?”)??«2024?»????,?????????????

????????????????????????1987?,??????????????????,???,??????,???????????????????????????????2023???????????

????????????2023?,178?161??(????????????????????),????51440???,????????????????????????????14227?????????,???27.7%,????????????

?????????,???10%,????????????50??????????2023??????????????????384???????????,?35.25??????????????,????????????????????????11.85??,????????????????33.6%,??????81.89???????,?????

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?7??,??????????2071??,???????????48.4%,?????????????????????2023????????????????2.5%,???????1625???????????????????,???????6.57??,?33.8%,???2023?????????????????3%,????????????????????????????;?????????????????????7.65??,?39.3%,????????????

«?»(Cell)?«???????»(Nature)?????????????????«????»(Science)??2023?????????????,?5907?????,??395?,????????????????2022????

?????????????10?????,???16.20???????,????????????(15.76????),?????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7??????????

????????????????,2023???,?,????????????????1/3?2023???????????????????????????????,?20.4%???????73.8%,??????????177?(???????????),??????????????6?????????????????????????????????????????

????????????????????,??????2023?,????,??

?????????,???????2023????1/4????????????37???????,??2022??????2???????????;?????????????????1/4???????149???????,???????2022??????????????????????????12?????????????????????(?????????????????? ???????????????) ??:???