????:1????????????:?????????

2???????????

3????????????

4??????????????

5?????????

????11?????????????????23?????????????????? ?:????“???????????”?

????????????

??????????? ??? ?? ?

“?”??11?????????18???????????????20?????????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)?“???????????”?????,?,“???????”??,????,????,???????????“??”,????????????????,???

????:

??:??????

?????????????????:20???????????70???,??,???,?????????????????????,?????????????,??,??“??”?

??????????(Thomas Berry),?????????“???”??“??”?????????????,?????????????????????(William Theodore de Bary)???,????????????(Carlton Hayes)????????????????????????

2024???????11??20???????????????,“??”??????????????????????????(?????)???????? ????????? ?

???????:??“????????”??????????,??????????

???????????????????????????:?“?????????????”“??”“?????”????????????????????????,“?????????????”????????????????,?“???,??????;????,???????????????”,??????????“?”????????

“??????????????”????????????,?????“??”,?“????”?????,??,????,?????????????,????????????????“???”??“????????”?????????????????“???????”????????????,????????????????????????,?“???”???????????

????,??,?????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????

???????:???????????“??”“?”“????????????????????????????”????,????

?????????:??,??????????????????????“??????????”,????????“?????”,?????????????????????“???????????????”????????????????“????????????????”?????

????????,???????????,????,???,?????“???????”????,????????,????????????????????????????,???

?????????????????:???????????

??????:????????????,????,???????????????????????????????????????????????……????????????????????,???“?????????????”????

70???????????????«????»?,??????,?“??????”????«?»,?????????????,????????????????????????,??????????,????????????,??????,?????????????,??????

???:??????????

?????????????????????:??,?,??????????????,?????????,?????,?????,??????????????????????????,??,?,??????

????,???????????????,????????????????“?????????????”?????,??????????“????”???????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????,?????????????

2016?,??????,??112??????????????????????? ??????? ???????????????

?????????????????????????,????,?????“??”????,???,????????,??????????????????,???????????????“????”,????(???)

????:

???????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???

????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),???????,??????????????1997??????????,???????????????????????«??????»«??»??«???????»?

???????????????:??????