2023?????????????3.3???

????:????98:????????

??10?????2????????? (??????? ??????)???????2?«2023???»??,2023?????????????(R&D)?3.3???????(??,???),??????33357.1???????,???????8.4%,?????????“??”??????“????????7%??”????

???R&D???????????????2012?1??????,2019???2?,2022???3?????,??????????R&D??,???

????,2023??R&D??(R&D???GDP??)???2.65%,????0.09???,???“??”?0.02??,????????????????R&D??12??,???(OECD)????????(2.73%)?

???????R&D??????2023???,?R&D??????????????25922.2????????3856.3?????????????????2753.3?,???8.6%?1.1%??????14.1%??????,??????R&D??77.7%,???2022?????????????0.1???,?(79.0%)????(79.4%),???????(67.4%)???(65.8%)???

?R&D??????,2023?????????2259.1????????3661.5????????27436.5?????,??11.6%?5.1%????8.5%??????????,?????R&D?????6.77%,??????(???) ???:???????