????:1???????:??????????

2????????

3????????

4???????

5????????

?(??????????)

??????:“????????,???????????????????”

???,????,??;“???????”???????????????,????????;????????????,??,?????????????????????;?????1400??????,???3.5??????????……

40???,??????18???“?????????????”????;??????????,??????????

????????????????,?????????“????????????”??,?????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????,???????,??????????,???????,?????????,????,????

????????????????,??

???,???????

???,?????????????????????,???

????:“????,??,?????,??,???”

?????,??????????????????,?????????????????????????16??????????????,??????????????????????,??,?????????????:“???????????????????,??????????????”

???????,????????????,??????????“??1960??????,?????????????????,??????????????630???????”?????????????????

??????????????

??????80????,????,??,???????????????????????????,???????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????

??????????????,?????????????,??????,????????????,?????,??????,???????????????“??????????”?????????

“???????????,??,?????,???????????????,????????????????”?,?????????

?????????,?????????30????????????????……??????????????,???????????????????“????????”?

??,????

???????

????????,????“?????????????????????23?????????,???????????????500????????‘?’???????????????????????,??????”

?,????????????????220???????????????400??????????????????107????????,“?????????????+”“??+”“???????????+”“??????+”……??????,??????????????????,????????????????????,“????????????”???????????????

??????

????????,?????????,?????????????,??????????????;?????????????“????”????,???

??????,????????2012?????54.5%???????2023????63%,??74%?“??”????????,????50%????????;?????????????????????????……?????????????????,?????????

???1.3????????????????,180???????,300??????……???,???????????????,?????????

?????,????????????????????????????

?????????:“????,????”“????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????”?

???????????????????60???????????336???????,???????????????1/6????????????,?,????????,???????????????????

“??,?????????????,???????????????????????????”???????????,“?????????????3????????,???,???????????????”

?????,????????????????,?????????????,??????????????????,?????

??,?????????????????“?????”,????

??????«??????????»«“???????”???»????;???“?????????????”?????,??;???????????????????????????,?????????????????????????,????????

???????????????????????10%??????????????????,???????????

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????

????????????,????????,??????????900??,??????2025????????1500?????????????????????2023???????????????????,????12.59??????????,??10.2????

????????????????????,“??????????”????????,????????????????“???????????”?????????????????????,???????,?????

“???,?,????????????”???????,?????????????????,??

“????????,??,????,????,?????????”??????????,????,???

??????????????“????”??……????;???“??”??????“??????????????????????????????????????”,?????????????90%???????????,95%???????,??????????????,?????

???????,??

????????,????,????????????????

???????????:“?????????,????,????,?????????,????????????????”

??“??????????????????”,2012???????????????????2023?????????,??8389????21691???????????;2023??????????,????2.39?

????,??,???????????????

????????????????:“????????,????????????????”

???????????,?????????????

??????????,?????????:“????????‘????33’??,?????1200?????????????????????,???,????,????????????500??”

“???????????”??????,???????????????,????,?????????“????????????????????????????”???????????????????????,?????????????????,??????????????????????????,???????????????,?????,??????

????????“???”,??????????????????

?,??,1639????????????300??“??????????7?????????,???????????????2100????”?????

??????,????????????????????2022?????????????????????????,??????????9??????????,?????????????????9??????????,??????98??????????????????????2022????????6700?????

???????????????????????,???????????????

??????????????????????????????,????????“???????”????“???????,????”??????,???????????,????,?????

??60%,????????1????????????,?????????,????????????????,????????????300???????????????????,????3????????3400?????????,???

“???????,????”????????????,??????????????????????????,??????,????,?????????

????????????????,??????????????????;????????????,??????????????????????,????????,?????????,????????????,???????(?? ????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ?????) ???????????????:????????????