????:1???????????:????qq

2?????????

3???????

4????????

5????????

75????????????????????,75???,?????????75????,??????????????

????,????????????

??????,??????????????????????????

??,????????????????????

?????????“???????????????”??????????“???????????”????????,??????????,???????????????????75????,????,????????,?????,??,?????????“???????????”?

75?????? ???????“??”

??,???????,????????????,?,??????,???????????

??????,??????????,??????????,??????,???????????,??????????????????????????????????,?????

?????????,?,?700?????

1949????,??,?????????????

??????,???

1952????,????????????“????????????”“???”“?”“????????”“??”??8????????????????,?????????“???”???????????????????????????????,?“??????”,?????1959????????????“?????”,???????

????,???????“?????”,????“??,??????,????,????????????,????????????????,????,????????????”??1963????,????????,????????????????????????

1978???,?????,???????????????,???????????,??????????????4????,????????????

??????????????????,??????????,???????????;?????“???????”,??????

2000??????????????????????,??????,???????,????????????????,??“???????????????????????????????????”??????,“????????”???????????????????,???“???? ???????????????”“??”“????????”?????????????,????,????????????

75???,??,???????,??????????,????,???????????????????????,????????????????????

???????????,?????,?????????5????????20????????????????????????

?????????????????? ???????

?????????????????????????,???????????,?????

??????,???????????;?????,?????????,?????????????????????????

?????,???????????,???????????????,????????,????????,??????????????

????????????,????

???:?????????????????????????????????,???????????

???,?????????,?????????????,????????????????????????????????????????“????”??,????,????????????,“????????????”,?????????????????,?????????,????

???????????????,????,??????????????,????????????????????,??,??,???????,????

???????????????????????????????????????……??????????????,??????????????????????,????????????????;??“???????????????????????????????????????????”???????,??????????????????,1963???????????1979??????1984??????????1989?“????”?????????

???????????,???,???????????????,??????

??????????“?????????????????????????????????”??????,????,?????????“???????????????????????????,????????????????”????????????,????????

? “????”??500??

??????????????????????,??????500??????????????

????????????

????????,??????????,????????????,?????????????????,???,?????????????

????,?????“?”,?????,????????,???33.26%??????24.92%???????????20.33%?

????,?????

?????,????????????????????????????,??????????????,??

??,???????????????????????

????,?????????????«??????????????????»??????????2024?????“????????”?????«??????????»?????????????2023???????????????“????”??????????????????,??????????????

????,??“???????????????????,???????”???,??????????,????????????????

???????,?????????????????APEC???????????????,????“????”?????????????,??????????????????,???????????????????????????????????

????,“??”????,??,????????

??????????????«??????8»?????“????????”??????????????“????”???????????«????»???……??????????????????????????,????????????????????????,????????????????????????

????????????,??????????

?????????????:????????