????:1???????????:???????

2????????

3???????????

4???????????

5?????????

??7???5????????????????? ?????????????:?????????????????????

????????????? ?????????????

????(SWIFT)???????????????????,?????????????2023?????????????????11????,?????“????????????”????????????????????????,????????

?????????????(?)????????? ??? ???????????????

“?????????????????2013???????????,???,?????????????????”?,???????????????????,???????????,?,?????

?10?????????????,??

2013???,??????????????4.16?,???????????,??????????????????????????,??????????4.63?????????(?????,???????????????????)?

2013???????????????????????7?????«?????????????»,2022???7?????«?????????????????»?????,???????????????????????,??????????

2022??????,?????????????????????????????,????????,????

??????,2023???????????50??,?52.3??????????,????????????24.1%,??25%,????????????10??,????????10???????????????????

????????????????

??????????????(SDR)???????????????????????(IMF)?,?????????????????????????

2016???,?????????????????????SDR??,?????2022???5?,?????????,?SDR?????????10.92%?????????????????12.28%?

???,?SDR????????????,???????????????????????????,???????????????;????????????????????????,???????????????

???,???????,???,??????,?????????????????,?,??????????,??,????????????????,????????????????????????????????,?????,???????????(??????????????)

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