????:1?95?98???????:??????????

2????????

3???????

4???100????

5????????

????????????????12??27??? ???12????????26?????????????????,?????????????“???????????”??????????????????,??????????????92???????????????

???????????????????27????????????,??????????,?????????

“?????????,?????”????,?“?????”?

???????????????

1932?????????,??????,??,????????,????????,????

???????,??????????????1960?????????

1970?????????????,??,???????????

1971????1976??,?;

1980???????????,???,????????,???????????;

1982??????????????????,??????????????,?????????????

“???????”

1991?????????????,?????,???????????,???8.5%,????????????????3.5%,????

?????,?????????10??????,??????????

???????,????????,????????????????

???????,???????????????????,?,???????????????,???????????

??,?:“?????????”???:“???????????????????????,??????????????????”

???????????,?,??,???????“??”?

??????????

2004???????,??????????,???,???

???????????,??????????????????,????,????????????,??????????????????????,?????????????????????????????

????????,???????????????,??????8%-9%??,?????????

?,?????????,??????,?????????,?????????

?????????????????,????????????,????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????

????2009???????,??1962?????????,??????5????????????

????????????????????????,????????????,???,?????????

???????????2014????????????????????,??? ?????:????????????????