?? ??????????????

????:1??????????:????????
2??????????
3?????????
4????????
5?????
????????????????????????????2025????2?21?,????«???»?????“Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria(?????????????????????)”???????????????????????????(????????????????????)??,?“?????????????????????????????????????”(Kongming),????“???????????????????????”??,???
??,???????????????????????????,?“???”???1950???????(??cAMP?cGMP)??????,????????????????,???????,???????????????,??,?????????????KomA(??????????????????A)?KomB(??????????????????B)?KomC(???????????C)????????????????,??(DNK)??????“???????????”:KomA??DNK??,??(dAMP)?????????dITP???????????????????KomC????NAD⁺,?????????????????“?????????????????”??????????????????,??????????????????,????“????????????”???????????????,?“??”???????????,???????
??????,“????”??????????,????(????KomB-KomC??????KomA)???????????????????????,??????dITP???:???????,????(???ADA??)?????????????,?????????????
(???????????? ??? ???????) ??????????:??