???????????????????????2025?????????2????????????????????21????,??????????????????�???????????�??????????�Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria(??)�?????????(?)??,????????????????????????????�?????????�(Kongming),????�??????�??????????????????,???
??????????,????????????????????????????????????????????,??�?????�???1950???(??????????????????cAMP?cGMP)??,??????????,???????,???????????????????????????????????,???,????????????KomA(???A)?KomB(???B)?KomC(??C)?????????????????????????????????????,?(DNK)??�???????�:KomA?????????????????DNK??????????,????(dAMP)????????????dITP?????KomC????NAD⁺,??�?????????�?????????,????????????????????,??????�?????????????�?????????????????,?????????????�?�??,???????
????,�??????�?????,?(??KomB-KomC???????????KomA)?????????,?????????????dITP?????????????????:?,???????(?ADA????)??????,?????
(??????????? ???????????? ???????????) ????????:???
????:???????????????
?????????????????????
?????????????????????
????????????????????????
1???????????????????
??CEO????13???????????
???:?????????????????
??????????????????????
????????????????????
?????????????????????????
?????????????????????
3????????16.3%??????????L?�
???????????0.6%?????????
??????????3???????????
????????????????????????
????????????????????????
????vs????:MSN?????????
??????6???46??:????????????�
???????????0.6%?????????
????????????�????�???
????????????
????????????????????
??�???�??????????
?????20????????????????
????????????????????