??????2025??2??21??,?«?????????????»??“Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria(????????????????????)”??????????????????(?????????????????????)?,????????????????????????????“?????????????????”(Kongming),?????“??????????????????”??????,?????

??????,????????????????,?????????????“?”???????1950????(???????cAMP?cGMP)???,????,??????????,?????????,???,????????????????KomA(?????????A)?KomB(?????????????????B)?KomC(????C)????,???????(DNK)??????????“???????????????????????”:KomA????DNK?????????????,????????????(dAMP)??????dITP?????KomC??????????????????NAD⁺,????“???????????”????????????,??,???“????????????????????”??,??“?????????”???????????,???????????

??????,“??”???????????,??(????????????KomB-KomC?KomA)????,??????dITP?????????????????????????????????????:??,????(?????ADA???????????)???????????,?????

(?????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????) ???????????????????:??????????

??

??:???????????,??????????,??????????????