???????????3????????

???????,???

2024 ????????,?????????????,?????«???????????????????????????»(???“??”)????????????,????????????????????,??? 3 ?????????,??,????? 7.86%,??????????????????????????????

??,2018 ???? OECD(????????)? 3 ?????? 33.8%????????,?????,?????????????“????????????”?????????,???

?,?“????????????”??????????????????????,????????

??????????,?2025???????????????????,?“???????????????”????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????

??????,??????????????????????????????????????? 6 ??????????-3 ??????????????????,?? 6 ????;???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????;??????????????

????????2024 ???? 11 ???,?????????????? 20 ???????????«????????????????»??,??????????????????,????????

??????3?????

???,?????????3????????????

??????????????,2018?????????????,?????????3?????????????????????,???????????,?????????????????2??????????92.1%??????,2??????????????56.5%,1?33.2%?

????,?“?????????????”,??????????????

???,2018?OECD ?????3?????? 33.8%???????,2024??,???????3???????????????????????7.86%?

??,?????????,??????

«2019?????????????????????????????????»(???????????“2019?”)??6???????????15-49 ?????,??27.6%???????????????????????????? 2016 ?????????????,???? 1/3 ???????????????????????????????2024???????????????,????????,??3???????

????,???

“??????????????????????,??????????????????”

?????,???Papi??????????,??1??????????????3??????????,????“??????????????”“?,??”????

????????????????????????2019????,?????????????????????????????

?????????????,?????,????,?????????????,?????????,??

?????????????????,??????????,????????????2019 ?????????????,??,???

??????,??????????????2017??????????(??????????????????????????????????????????????)??0-3 ?????(????????????????“??????????????????????????”???????????)???????????,?????????,???????????12%????????????????

????????????,????2019??????????????,??,??0-3?????????????,?????2.2%????

?,??,??????????????????,???????????????,??????????

???2024????,2023??????????,???????????89.5%,??(?)????1978?????????,???????????5500???????,????????,?????????,2023??????????????????46.7%?

“(?)???????????????????,??,”????????????,????????????????????,?1????????????2???,???????????

???????????????????????????????????2024??12??,??????0??1????????????????????????,???????????????1-2??????????????????1:3,????????2-3??1:4?

?????????????????????????,????????????,???,??,???

???????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????,??????2????????????,?????,???????,????????????????,??????????????????????????????????,????

???????

??,??,????????????????

2022????????CFPS?????,10???????????,???,???????????????

???????,????????????2012????2022???,????3??6%???,????

??,?,2022??????????3????58.7%?

?,????,???????????

??????????:??,???????

?????2019??,??,???????????????????3???????????????????????????????????“???????????”?

????????????????,?????????????,??????????

?????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????????????????,??????????????????????????

???????20?50??70???????????????????,???,???????????????????,1954?????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????4003?,2670????,??????????????,????????

?,1950??????,??????????????,??????????????????

??????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????,1960???????????70%,????????

??,???????????????????,1963????2975??????????????????????????

??,??,1984????????

“???”????1955???????????????,??????????????????????,????,??????,??,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?????????,????????,??????????????,???????,??????75%~85%,???????90%?

????????????,?????????????????20??????90???

???????? 20???????90????,??????????????????????,????????????????,??????

?????????????????????,??,1981?,??20??????????,????????????562??,???10.5??????2022??,???????30?????????????????,??????1414?????????

?????????????????21?????????????,?????????? ???????,?????,????????????

?,???,??????

?????????????2015???,??????“???”?,????????????????2022?????????????????????????,?? ,?????????????,??????

?????,????????“?????????”?????????,????“??????????”????????,??????????????????????????????,2021????,??“?????????”,????????300????????? ???????100??,??300???

?????????,??????????????,????????????????????????“???”“???????????”?????????????“??????”??,??????????????

????????????,???????,???????,?????????????????,??????????,??,??,??

??????????????«??????????»??,??????????20??????????????????????????,?????,?????????????????????,?????????????,???????????“??????????????????????????????????”????,??????????????????:“?????,???????????????”?(??????? ????????????????? ???? ???????????????????? ??) ??????????????:???