??,?????????????????«??»??,????;

11????,?????,???????200?;

??,?????,????????12??????10?????????;

??????????????????,??,???????????????????????????????????????,?????????,????

4???????????????????????,?,????????????,?????????????????????????????????????

8?????????????????????,?,????«?????»?

????????????????????72%,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???27%,???(GDP)?????????????????????21%?

“???????????”1999???????2019?????????????«???»??????????????,??????????????,????????

???????????????????“?????????????”????????????,????????????

(????????????)?:??????,?????

2019??????????,???????????????????????“???????????????????????”?“????”????????

??4??,????????????????,???,????????

????

????????????

???“?????????”????,???????????,???????????20????????

????????????

???,????????????,??????????

??????????????,?????????

????????????,???????????????????????????,??,?????????????

2021??5???????,???????????????????????,???????????????????5?,????309???????,??????6%????????????????,??????600??????

40???????????????,??“???????????”?????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????“????????????”??????????????????????????????“???????”????4.8???????,?12.8???????????,??“??????????????”?

???????????,?????????

??,?,??????????????,?????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????6000????????

?????????????????????????????……?,“????”???????

???????,???????????,????????????????????“?????????”????,???????“??????????????????”???,???????????

????,?,???????????????????????9?????

(??????)?????:????,????????

????????????,???????????????,????????????????????????????????,??????,???????????????????????,????

?????????,????,???????????“??????”,????????

???,??,???????????????????????,??????????????????????“????????”?

???,????12???????,?“??????????”???????,??,???????

??????,?,?????????????,?????????????,????????????

?“?????????”??,??????

????????????????13?????????????,???????????????“????????????”????,???????????,???????????????,??,??125???????????542???????

?,????????????,??????,???????????10???????????????????,?????

??????????????????,???????????……“???????????????”???????????????????????“??”????

2020???,??????????4???,?????,??????15.4%?

“????????????????‘??’???????”?????

2023??????,?,???????????????????????????,???????

??????????

???????,????????????????????????,??,??????,???;????,???????;??????,????,????????,??……

??????????,?????????????????,?,?????????????,??,?????

(?????)?????????????:???????,???

“?????????????????????,????????????????????????????,??,??????????,?????”2021??????

??,???

???2023???????????,????????????6.4??????,???????220????????,????97%?20?????????,?????????

“??????????????????”“???????????,???”……????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????,?“??????”????????????????,???

???,????????????????,???????????85%???????????????,??,????????????????

??????,?“???????”?????????????????????3?????,?????“???”??,????????????“???”??????“???”,??????????

?,???????????,????,???????????????????????

????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????……???,???

“???????”??????????

????????,????2035?????,???????????????????,“?????????????????”??;“????????”?????????????,?????22?????,????

???????,??,?????,???????????????

(????????????????)??????:“?????????”?,???“??????????????”????????????????

????????????,?????:????????,???????????11?????????????,“??”??,??????????,????????

?,“??”??????,????:??????

??,“??????????????????????????????”????2023???????????????????,????????1?,???????????????;??????????????,??5????????????4???,?????????????????????

???????“????????”????,???

??????????????,???????“??????????????????????????????????????????”?????????,?????????“?”?,???

??,????????????

??????“??”??????9?????,??????7?,????“?????+??????+????????”“?????????????????+??+?????????????”??,??????????

???????????,?????????????????,????“??”???“??”,?????

????2021???????????,?????????????????????????????????“????????????”??“??”?????????????????????

?????,?:????????,??6??????“??”?????????????????????,???????,??????

????????????????,??“AI????????”????????????,???????????????AI??????????70%???????????,?????????????:

“???????????”???????,?????????????????????????????????;????????????????,?????15%;?????AI ???????????

(??????)??????????:???“??”,??“??????????”????????

????????????????12?????????????????3000?????????,?5???,??????????????,??????????

“???????????????,?????,??????,?,?‘???????’?”????????????????

??????,????????,???“???????????????”“?????????”“?????????”:

??33?????????????6?????????????????????;??,????????“????????”?;?????,?????“?????”???……

??“???”,??????,?“???????”,??

??????????????,???????????

“????????????????”???,?????????“????”??????????????,???,????,?????????????,???????????????????????????????????,??????????

???????????,???????,???,??????????????????????????????????2023???????,??50?????????????,????????????

??????,???,????????????????????

??,?????????????,???????“????”???????????,????????????????????

(??????)??:“????????????”????,“???????????????????”????

“?????????”,??,??:????????????????……??,??“???”????????,???????????????????6???????????,????????,?????????????????(BBC)?????????????,?????????????????

“????”,??????????????????????????,??4??????????????????,????????,????????

“????”?,?????“?????????????????”??????,?????????????????????????????,???????

?????????????????????????,????“????????????????????????????”“???????”????,??,????????,?????????????????????

?????,????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????,????????????????

?????,?????????????,?????????,????,“?????”??????????????????????

“????????”??????,??????????????,?????????????????,???????

???????,??“????????”??????????????????,??????;??“???”???,?????????????“????”????100???????????;???,?????“????????”?????????“????????????????????????????”??????????????????????????

??????????“?????”????????:?????????????????,????????????“???????????????”?????,??????????????;??????????,???????????????“????????”?????????;??,??“???????”??,??……

(???)????????:???????????“????”,???“???????”?????????“??”

???,???????????“??”????????????«?????????»,????

“???,????????,???”?????????????

2023????????????????,?72.21??????????????,?????????????5??????????????????“???????????”?

“????,???????????”……20??80??????????,????????????????,???????????????????????????

????,???????:

???????????630???,??1???????????????7???,??6.6%;???????????????10??????????????????????,??????????500??,???60%……

?????

??,??????3???50%????,??????????100??????320????????;??????18??,25????????????……

?????????,????????????????“???????”?“??”???,????????

????????????,“?????????”???????????????????????????4??90%?????,?????

??,??????9??????????5???????,??????????????2019?????????????????????????5.8????????????????????2023?????8.1??????????????

????????????????????“??????”????,????????????????

??,??????“?????????????”??“?????”,?????“?????????”???????“?????????”,????“????”???????????“????????”,????????????????3??????,???

2021?,?????????????????????????????,????????????????“???????????????”??“???????????”?

??????????????????,?????????????????????????????“??”???????????“?”,????????????????????????????????????

??????????????,???:??????,??????????????????,?;??,???,???????????????,???????;??????????????,??????;????????,??

(???????????????????)???????????:????,??

??,??????????????5??????????????????,??70%??????

???????????,?????,???

??5??,??«?????????»???????????,?????,????????2??????????,?77%;??????2337?????,????160%?

?????????????????????59?????????????????,??20??????

?,????????????????,???????????,?????????????????,??????????

??,???????????,???????

??????????,????????????,???……?????????????????,????????????????,??????

???????????????????????????6??1?????;??????210???????,????21?????;?????????10??????????????,????7?,??50???……

???????????????,???????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????,???????,??????,???

???????74????,????,???????;???,???,???????????;???????(??????)??????????????,????????????????????????……

?????????:“??,??,????????????????,?????”

(??)?????:??????,??

??????,????????

2023?????????????????,?????GDP??:???????????????????????;GDP????4000????????????????10?????,???????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????,???????????????????????????,???,???????

???????????????????2023??????????2.8??????????????????11?2????,?????1??,???????????17%?

???,???????????????????????????2023?????,????????????????3100??????,????????????????????????2100????,???????1300?,????????????????????

????,??????????????

???????????10????????????,?????10%??,???????,??????????

??????????2021????????,«????»???“??”?

??????????????????,?????????????????????????,????????“???????????????????????????????????????”????,?,?????????,???????,????????????????

?????????,????????GDP40365.7??,???????5.8%,???????????????????

????????????????????,????,?????????????????,????

????????????????,?????????,?;?????????????????????,???????????????????????;??????,???????????????,?;??,???????????“??”?

??,????????,???????,???

(???)????????:????,??

????????????,????????????“?”:???,????????????????94%,???????????????6%?????????????????,???????????????????,????????????????????????

???????????,????????????????,??????????????????,???????17.1%,???????????????????GDP??30%?

28???,?????«????????????»,???????“?????????????”???????????????????????,???????????,???????????????????????????????????

??,????????????????????????,?????????????????

??,??“?????????,??????????????”?

????,“???????????”??????“????????”???,??;???,???????“?????????????????????”,??????????

???,?????????????????,????????????;???????,??????,????????????????????????????????????????;2023??????????,?????????????????????????,??????????????,????“???????????????????+????”??????????????

2023???,????????????8??10??231.9?????,???3045???????????????2.5????????????????

???????,??“??”,????“??”,???????“???????????”?

“???????????????,??????????,???????????????????????”???????,?????????

?????????????????,?????????????????,???????????????????????????,???????,???

??????????????????:11????????????27?????????????«???????????»

??????????:???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????:?? ??“????????”

?? ????!?????????????|????

????:1?????????:???????????

2???????VX

3?????????

4???????

5???????

??,?????????????????«??»??,????;

11????,?????,???????200?;

??,?????,????????12??????10?????????;

??????????????????,??,???????????????????????????????????????,?????????,????

4???????????????????????,?,????????????,?????????????????????????????????????

8?????????????????????,?,????«?????»?

????????????????????72%,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???27%,???(GDP)?????????????????????21%?

“???????????”1999???????2019?????????????«???»??????????????,??????????????,????????

???????????????????“?????????????”????????????,????????????

(????????????)?:??????,?????

2019??????????,???????????????????????“???????????????????????”?“????”????????

??4??,????????????????,???,????????

????

????????????

???“?????????”????,???????????,???????????20????????

????????????

???,????????????,??????????

??????????????,?????????

????????????,???????????????????????????,??,?????????????

2021??5???????,???????????????????????,???????????????????5?,????309???????,??????6%????????????????,??????600??????

40???????????????,??“???????????”?????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????“????????????”??????????????????????????????“???????”????4.8???????,?12.8???????????,??“??????????????”?

???????????,?????????

??,?,??????????????,?????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????6000????????

?????????????????????????????……?,“????”???????

???????,???????????,????????????????????“?????????”????,???????“??????????????????”???,???????????

????,?,???????????????????????9?????

(??????)?????:????,????????

????????????,???????????????,????????????????????????????????,??????,???????????????????????,????

?????????,????,???????????“??????”,????????

???,??,???????????????????????,??????????????????????“????????”?

???,????12???????,?“??????????”???????,??,???????

??????,?,?????????????,?????????????,????????????

?“?????????”??,??????

????????????????13?????????????,???????????????“????????????”????,???????????,???????????????,??,??125???????????542???????

?,????????????,??????,???????????10???????????????????,?????

??????????????????,???????????……“???????????????”???????????????????????“??”????

2020???,??????????4???,?????,??????15.4%?

“????????????????‘??’???????”?????

2023??????,?,???????????????????????????,???????

??????????

???????,????????????????????????,??,??????,???;????,???????;??????,????,????????,??……

??????????,?????????????????,?,?????????????,??,?????

(?????)?????????????:???????,???

“?????????????????????,????????????????????????????,??,??????????,?????”2021??????

??,???

???2023???????????,????????????6.4??????,???????220????????,????97%?20?????????,?????????

“??????????????????”“???????????,???”……????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????,?“??????”????????????????,???

???,????????????????,???????????85%???????????????,??,????????????????

??????,?“???????”?????????????????????3?????,?????“???”??,????????????“???”??????“???”,??????????

?,???????????,????,???????????????????????

????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????……???,???

“???????”??????????

????????,????2035?????,???????????????????,“?????????????????”??;“????????”?????????????,?????22?????,????

???????,??,?????,???????????????

(????????????????)??????:“?????????”?,???“??????????????”????????????????

????????????,?????:????????,???????????11?????????????,“??”??,??????????,????????

?,“??”??????,????:??????

??,“??????????????????????????????”????2023???????????????????,????????1?,???????????????;??????????????,??5????????????4???,?????????????????????

???????“????????”????,???

??????????????,???????“??????????????????????????????????????????”?????????,?????????“?”?,???

??,????????????

??????“??”??????9?????,??????7?,????“?????+??????+????????”“?????????????????+??+?????????????”??,??????????

???????????,?????????????????,????“??”???“??”,?????

????2021???????????,?????????????????????????????????“????????????”??“??”?????????????????????

?????,?:????????,??6??????“??”?????????????????????,???????,??????

????????????????,??“AI????????”????????????,???????????????AI??????????70%???????????,?????????????:

“???????????”???????,?????????????????????????????????;????????????????,?????15%;?????AI ???????????

(??????)??????????:???“??”,??“??????????”????????

????????????????12?????????????????3000?????????,?5???,??????????????,??????????

“???????????????,?????,??????,?,?‘???????’?”????????????????

??????,????????,???“???????????????”“?????????”“?????????”:

??33?????????????6?????????????????????;??,????????“????????”?;?????,?????“?????”???……

??“???”,??????,?“???????”,??

??????????????,???????????

“????????????????”???,?????????“????”??????????????,???,????,?????????????,???????????????????????????????????,??????????

???????????,???????,???,??????????????????????????????????2023???????,??50?????????????,????????????

??????,???,????????????????????

??,?????????????,???????“????”???????????,????????????????????

(??????)??:“????????????”????,“???????????????????”????

“?????????”,??,??:????????????????……??,??“???”????????,???????????????????6???????????,????????,?????????????????(BBC)?????????????,?????????????????

“????”,??????????????????????????,??4??????????????????,????????,????????

“????”?,?????“?????????????????”??????,?????????????????????????????,???????

?????????????????????????,????“????????????????????????????”“???????”????,??,????????,?????????????????????

?????,????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????,????????????????

?????,?????????????,?????????,????,“?????”??????????????????????

“????????”??????,??????????????,?????????????????,???????

???????,??“????????”??????????????????,??????;??“???”???,?????????????“????”????100???????????;???,?????“????????”?????????“????????????????????????????”??????????????????????????

??????????“?????”????????:?????????????????,????????????“???????????????”?????,??????????????;??????????,???????????????“????????”?????????;??,??“???????”??,??……

(???)????????:???????????“????”,???“???????”?????????“??”

???,???????????“??”????????????«?????????»,????

“???,????????,???”?????????????

2023????????????????,?72.21??????????????,?????????????5??????????????????“???????????”?

“????,???????????”……20??80??????????,????????????????,???????????????????????????

????,???????:

???????????630???,??1???????????????7???,??6.6%;???????????????10??????????????????????,??????????500??,???60%……

?????

??,??????3???50%????,??????????100??????320????????;??????18??,25????????????……

?????????,????????????????“???????”?“??”???,????????

????????????,“?????????”???????????????????????????4??90%?????,?????

??,??????9??????????5???????,??????????????2019?????????????????????????5.8????????????????????2023?????8.1??????????????

????????????????????“??????”????,????????????????

??,??????“?????????????”??“?????”,?????“?????????”???????“?????????”,????“????”???????????“????????”,????????????????3??????,???

2021?,?????????????????????????????,????????????????“???????????????”??“???????????”?

??????????????????,?????????????????????????????“??”???????????“?”,????????????????????????????????????

??????????????,???:??????,??????????????????,?;??,???,???????????????,???????;??????????????,??????;????????,??

(???????????????????)???????????:????,??

??,??????????????5??????????????????,??70%??????

???????????,?????,???

??5??,??«?????????»???????????,?????,????????2??????????,?77%;??????2337?????,????160%?

?????????????????????59?????????????????,??20??????

?,????????????????,???????????,?????????????????,??????????

??,???????????,???????

??????????,????????????,???……?????????????????,????????????????,??????

???????????????????????????6??1?????;??????210???????,????21?????;?????????10??????????????,????7?,??50???……

???????????????,???????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????,???????,??????,???

???????74????,????,???????;???,???,???????????;???????(??????)??????????????,????????????????????????……

?????????:“??,??,????????????????,?????”

(??)?????:??????,??

??????,????????

2023?????????????????,?????GDP??:???????????????????????;GDP????4000????????????????10?????,???????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????,???????????????????????????,???,???????

???????????????????2023??????????2.8??????????????????11?2????,?????1??,???????????17%?

???,???????????????????????????2023?????,????????????????3100??????,????????????????????????2100????,???????1300?,????????????????????

????,??????????????

???????????10????????????,?????10%??,???????,??????????

??????????2021????????,«????»???“??”?

??????????????????,?????????????????????????,????????“???????????????????????????????????????”????,?,?????????,???????,????????????????

?????????,????????GDP40365.7??,???????5.8%,???????????????????

????????????????????,????,?????????????????,????

????????????????,?????????,?;?????????????????????,???????????????????????;??????,???????????????,?;??,???????????“??”?

??,????????,???????,???

(???)????????:????,??

????????????,????????????“?”:???,????????????????94%,???????????????6%?????????????????,???????????????????,????????????????????????

???????????,????????????????,??????????????????,???????17.1%,???????????????????GDP??30%?

28???,?????«????????????»,???????“?????????????”???????????????????????,???????????,???????????????????????????????????

??,????????????????????????,?????????????????

??,??“?????????,??????????????”?

????,“???????????”??????“????????”???,??;???,???????“?????????????????????”,??????????

???,?????????????????,????????????;???????,??????,????????????????????????????????????????;2023??????????,?????????????????????????,??????????????,????“???????????????????+????”??????????????

2023???,????????????8??10??231.9?????,???3045???????????????2.5????????????????

???????,??“??”,????“??”,???????“???????????”?

“???????????????,??????????,???????????????????????”???????,?????????

?????????????????,?????????????????,???????????????????????????,???????,???

??????????????????:11????????????27?????????????«???????????»

??????????:???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????:??