???????????3????????

?????????????????,???????

2024 ?????????,??,??«???»(?????“?????”)???????????????????,???????????????????,?? 3 ???????????????????????,??????????,???????????? 7.86%,?????

???????????,2018 ?????? OECD(?????????????)? 3 ?? 33.8%?????,??,?“??????????”?????,???

???????????????,??????????????????????????????“??????”?????,???????????????

???,??2025?????????????????????,??????????????????“???????????????????”??????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????

??,????????????????????????????????? 6 ?????????????????????????-3 ????,?? 6 ????;???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????;????????????????

??????????2024 ??? 11 ?????,??? 20 ??«??»???????????,??????,????

??3??

?,????????????????????????3???

??,2018???????????,??3????????,????????????????????,????????????????????????????2??????????????????92.1%??????????????????????????????,2?????????56.5%,1?????33.2%?

?????????????,????????????????????“?????????????????”,?????????

????????????????,2018??????????OECD ???3??????? 33.8%???,2024?????????,?3????????????7.86%?

??,???????,??????

«2019????????»(??????????????“2019?”)???6????15-49 ????????????????,???????27.6%????????? 2016 ?,?? 1/3 ?????????2024?,??????????????,?????????3????????????

??????????????,????

“????,??????????”

????,????????Papi?,???????????1????????????????3??????,???????“???????”“????,???”??????????

???????????2019????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????

?,???,?????????????????,?????????????????????????????????,??????,??????

????????,?????,?????????????????2019 ???????????,??,???????

???????????????,?????2017???????????????(??????????????????????????????????????????????????)???0-3 ?(??“????????????”????????)?????,??,?????12%???

???????,??2019??????,?????????,???0-3??,????????????????2.2%?????

??,????????,??????,??????????????????????????????????????,???????

?????????????????????2024????,2023?????????,????89.5%,??????(??????????)??????1978?????????,??????????????5500???????????,???????,????????????,2023??????46.7%?

“(??)???????????????????????,????????????,”??,????????????,??????????????1???????2????,?????

??2024??????12????,???????????0?????1??????????????????????,??1-2???????????????1:3,????????????????2-3????????1:4?

???????????,?????????????,??????,???????????,??????

?,????????,?????2?????,??,???????,?,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????

?????????????????

?????????????????,??????????????????????,???????????????

2022??????CFPS???????????,10???,??,????

???????,????2012?????????2022??,?3?6%?????????,????????

??,??????????????,2022?????????????????3?58.7%?

?????????????????,?????,??????

???:?????,?????????????

??2019???????????,???????????????,??????????3?????????????????????????“??”?

??,?,??????????????

?????????,?,?????????????????????????,??

????20??????50????????????70??????,??????????,??????????,1954????????????????????????,????????????????????????4003?????????????,2670?????????????????,??????????????,??????????????????????????????????

?????????????,1950?????????,???,?????????????????

???????,????????????????????????????????????,1960????70%,????????????????????

??????,????????????????????????,1963??2975????????????

???????,?,1984???????????????

“??????????????”??1955????????????????,????,???????????,?????????????,??????,????????????????????????

?????????????,??????????????,?????????????,????????,????75%~85%,???????90%?

?????????,?????????20??????90?????????????????

??????????? 20?????????????????????90?,????????????????????,????????????????????????,???

?,??,1981?????????????,????20??????????????????,??????????562?????????,???10.5???????????????????2022????????????,????????????30?,??????1414???

??21????????,???????????????????????? ????????????????????????,???????,????????????????????????????

??????????,??????,??????????

?????????????????2015??,????????????“???”??????,???????????2022??,????? ,????????????????????,???

????,?????????????“????????”???????,??????“?”?????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????,2021??????????????????,?????????????????“??”,???????????????300??????????? ?100??????????????????????,??300????

??,??????????,??“???”“??????????”????????????????????????????????????????????“??????????”???????,?????????????

?,?,??????????????,?,????????????????????????,??????????????????,?,???

??«???»????????????????????,????????????20????????????????????,???????????,?????????????????,??????????????,??????“???????????”????????????,???????????????????:“?????????,?????????????????????”?(???????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????? ???? ?) ????????????:?????