????:1????????:????????

2???????????

3??????200??

4????????

5??????????

?11???23?? ?????????????:?“???????”??

??????????????????????????

???? ????????? ???????????? ???

“?”????????????????????11?18??20?????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)????????“??????????????”??????????????????????,?,“?????????????”?,?,??????????,?????????“?????????????????”,?????????????,???

??:

??????:???

?????????????????????????????:20?????70??????,?????,??,???????????????????,????????????,???????????????,???“???????????????”?

???????????????????(Thomas Berry),?????“???????????”???????“???”??????????????,?????????(William Theodore de Bary)??????????,?????????????(Carlton Hayes)???????????

2024???11?????20?????,“??????????????????????????”????????????????????????(???)??????????????????? ?? ??

???????????:????“??”???????,???

??????????????:??????????“??”“??”“?????”??????????????,“????????”?????????????????????????????????????????????,???“?????????????????????,?????;?,??????????”,???????????????????“???”????

“??”??,???“?”,????????“???????????”??????????,????,????,????,????“???????????????”???“?????”???????????????“?????”???????????,????????,?????“????????????????????????????”??????

?,????????,????? ????????? ?????

?????????:?“??”“???????”“???????”???????,???

???????????:???????,??????????“??”,??????????“??”,?“????”???“????????????????”???????????

??????????????,?,???????????????,?????,???“????”??????????,??????????????????,????????,??????

????????:?????????????

????????????????????????????????????:????,?,????????????????????????????????????????……????????????????,???“????????”???

70??«??»????,?,??“?????????????????”?????«???»,???????????,??????????,???,????????????????,??????????,???????????????,????????

???????:????

?????????????????:????,?????????,????????,??,?????????????????,????????????????????,???????????????,??,???,?????

?,???,????????????????“?”??,??“??????”???????????????,??????????????????????????????????????,?,???????????????????????

2016??,??????,??112?????????????????????? ???????????????? ??

??????????????,??,??“?????????????????????”????????????,?????????,???,??????????????????????????,?“?????????”,??????????????????(?????????)

???????????????:

??????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ??

???????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),??????????,?????????????????????1997?????????,???????????????????????????????«????????????????»«???????????????????»????«????»?

???:?????????????