????:1??????????:??????

2????????

3?qq????????

4?2019????

5???????????

??????????????12????????13??????? (???? ?)???,??????????“??????”?????13????????????,?“???”??????,????????????,????????

???????

??????????????,?????,?“??????”??????????????????????????????(1630??????????),??????????????,??????????,????????,??????????(1650???????????),????“?????????????”,??????

“????????‘????????’?????,???????,????????”?????

?????????(1656????????),???????,?????????????????,???????????????????????,????????,?????“????,????,?????????,????????”

????????????,??,???????,??????,?????????????“??”????????????????,?????????,?????,?????????????

?,??????????????????????,???????????,??????????,??????????????????????,???????(1673??????????),?,?????????????,???,???????????,??????

????,?,???,???????????????“????????????,???????????”

“?????????????????????????,??????????????”?????,????????????????????????????,????????????????«????»«????????????????»«????»«??????»«????»????,????,?????????“????????,?,???,?????????‘?????????’?”

????,??,????1????“????????????????”????,??????,??????

“??????????‘???????????????’????,?????,?????????”?????????(??????)

?????:???????