????????,???????

2024 ?????????????????????????????????,????????,????????????????«???????????????»(??????“?”)?????????????,??????,??????????? 3 ???????????????????,???????,????? 7.86%,??

??,2018 ?? OECD(?????????????)???????????? 3 ?? 33.8%???????????,????,??“????????????”??????,???

???????,?????“??”??,????????????????????????????????

??,?????2025????????????????,????????“??????????????????”?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????

??????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ?-3 ??????,?????? 6 ???????????;??????????????;???????????????????

???2024 ? 11 ??????????,??????????????? 20 ????«????????????????????????????»?????????????????????,?????????????????,????????

????????????????????????3????????

??????????,???3??????????????

???????????,2018???????????????????,???????????3???????????????,??????????????,?2???????????92.1%??????????,2????????56.5%,1?????????????33.2%?

????????,?????????????????“?”,??????????????

?????????????????,2018??OECD ??????????3?? 33.8%??????????,2024???????????????????,??????????????????????????3???????7.86%?

??????????????,????,????????

«2019??????????????»(???????“2019??”)???????????6??????15-49 ??,???27.6%??????? 2016 ??,?? 1/3 ??2024??,????????,????3?????

????,???????????

“???,??????????????????????????”

????????????,???????????????Papi??,????1????????3?????????????????????,???????????????????????“??”“?????,??????????????”????????????

?????2019??????????????????,????????????????????????????????

???????,??,?????,??????,??????????????,???????????

??,????????????,???????????????????????2019 ?????????,????,?????????????????????????

?????????,????????2017??????????(???????????????????????????????)????0-3 ??(??????“?”?????????????)???????????,?????????????,????????????????12%???

????????????,??2019??,??????,?0-3?????????????????????,?2.2%???

??,????????????,?????????????,???????????????????,???????????

???2024???????????????,2023??,???????????????89.5%,???(???)?????????1978??,????????5500??????????????????????,???????????????????????,???,2023??46.7%?

“(???)???,??????,”??????,?????????,??1?????????2?????????????,?????????????????????

???????????????????2024??12???,?????????????????0?????1??????????????????????????,????1-2????1:3,????2-3????????????????1:4?

?????????????????,?????????,?????????????????,?????????????,???

??????????????,???????????????,??????????2??,??????,??,?????????,?????????????????????????,??????????

?????????

?????????????????,???,??????????????

2022?CFPS??????,10???,?????,??????

??,???????????2012??2022????????????,??????????????3?????????????????6%???????????????,????????

??????????,??????????,2022???????????3??????????????????????????????58.7%?

?,?????,??????????????????????????

?????????????:??????,????????????

?2019???????????,????????????????????????,?3????????????????????????????????????“???”?

??,??????,???

?????,????????,?????????????????????,??????????????????

????20??????50?????????70??,??????????????????????,??????????????,1954?????????????,?????????????????4003???,2670???????????????????????,??,???

??,1950??,????????,???

???????????,?????????????,1960??????????????70%,??????

???,?????????????????,1963?????2975???????????????????????

??,?,1984??

“??????????????”?????1955????????????,?????????????????????????????,???????,??????????????????,??,?????????????????????????

?,???????,????????????,?????,????????75%~85%,??90%?

?????????????,????20?????????????90??????????????

??? 20????90???????????????????,??????????????????,?????????????,???????????????

??????????????,??????????,1981?????,?20??,??562???????????,????10.5???????????????2022????,????30??????????????,??????????????????1414????????

???21?????,???????????????????????????????????? ??????????,??????,?????????????

???????,??????,??

?2015????????,??????????“????”?????????,???????????2022????????????,??? ,??,??

???????????????,??????“??????????”?????????????????,??????“??????????????”????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????,2021??????????????,??“?”,??????300????????? ?????????????????100??????,??300??

?????,????????????,???????????????????????????“??”“?????????????”??????????“???????????????????”?????????????????????????????????,??????

?,?????????????,??????????????????????,????????????,??????????,?????,?????????,?????????????

??????«???»?,?????20?????????????????????????????,?,?????,?????????,???????????????????????????“?????????????????????????????????????”???????,???????????:“?????????,????”?(????? ? ?????????????? ??????? ???????) ????:?????????????

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