?????????????3??????

??

??????????,???????????????

2024 ??,?????????????,???«????»(????????“?????????”)???,?????,??????????? 3 ??????,??????,???????????????? 7.86%,?????

????????????,2018 ?????????? OECD(?)?? 3 ???????? 33.8%????????????????????????,?????????????,?????????“?????”??????????????????,?????????????

???????????????,?????“?????”?????????????????,?????????????????????????

??,???????????????????2025?????????????,?????????????“??”???????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????

??,???????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ??-3 ????????????????????????,???????????? 6 ?????????????;??????????????????????????;???????????????????????????

?????????2024 ?????????? 11 ?????????????????????????????,???????? 20 ??????????????????????«??????»??,?,????

???????????????????????????3???????????????

??????,??????????3????

???????,2018?????????????,??3???????????,???????????????????,??????????????2??92.1%??????????????,2??????56.5%,1??33.2%?

???????????????,??????????“?????????”,??????????????

??????,2018????????????????????OECD ???????????????3???????????????? 33.8%???????????????,2024?,?3??7.86%?

???????,??,????????????

«2019?»(??????????????????“2019????”)?????6??????15-49 ?????????????????,??27.6%?????????????????? 2016 ????????????????,??????????????? 1/3 ????????2024????????,?????????,?????????????????3??????????

???,?????

“?,???????????????????????????”

??????,??Papi?????????,????1???????3???,??????“????????????”“????????????,?????”???

???????????2019?????????????,????????????

??,?????????,??????????????????????,?,???????,???????????????

????????????????,?????????????????,????????????????????????2019 ????????????????????????,?????????,???????

???????????,????????2017?????????????(????????????????)????????0-3 ??????????????(??“?????”????????????????)??????????????,???????????,??????????????12%??

???????,????2019????????,?????????????????????????????????,?0-3???????????????????,?????2.2%??

??????????????????,??????,?????,?????????????????????,?????????????

??????????????????????2024????????????????,2023???????,???????????89.5%,???????????????(?????????????????????????)??1978?,????5500???????????,???????,??????????,2023??????46.7%?

“(??????)?????????????????????????,?,”????,???,??????????????1???2?????????????????????,????

??????????2024????????????12??,????0??1??????,???1-2??????????1:3,??????????????2-3?????????????????1:4?

?????????????????????????????????,???????????????,?????????????,???????????,??????????

???????,?????????????????????????????,??2???????,?????????,??,?????,????????????????????????,?????

???????

??,????,??

2022???????CFPS????,10??????????????????,??,?????

??,???????????2012??2022???????,????????????3????6%????????,??????

??,??,2022??3??58.7%?

??,???????,????

????:??,????

??2019???????,???????,?????????????????????????????????3??????????“?????????????”?

??,????,??????????????????

??,???,????,?????????

??20??50??????????70?????????????,????????????,??????????????,1954??????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????4003??,2670?????????????????,??????????????,????????

????????,1950??????????,?????,??????

?,?????????,1960????????????70%,??????

?,??????????????????,1963?????????????????2975??????????????????

??????,???????????????????????????????????,1984?????????????????

“??”???1955?????????,???????????????????????,???,???????????????????????,?????????,????????????????

?????????????????,?????????????,?????????,???????????????????,?75%~85%,??90%?

????????????,??20??????????????90????????????

?? 20?????????90?,????????????????????????????,?????????????????????,????

???????????,????,1981????????????,?????????????????????20???????????,??????????????????562??????,?????10.5????????????2022??????,????????30?,?????1414?????????

?????????21??,?? ?????????????????????,??????????,??????????????????

??,??,?????????????????????

???????2015???,?????????????“?????????”??????,???????????????????????????????????2022??,???????????? ,???????,???????????

???,???“??????????”??,???????“?????????”??????????,????????????????????????????????????????,2021????????,?“??????????”,????????????300????????????? ???100????????????????????,??????300??????????

??,?,?????“???????????”“?????????????????????”???????????????????“?????”????????,?????

????????????,??????,????????,??,?????????????,????????,???,????

???????????????????«?»???????????????????,????????20????????,???????????,??,??????,??????????????????????????“????????????”?????,???????????????????????????????:“???????,?????????”?(?? ????????????? ??????? ????????????????????? ?????????????) ????????????:???????????????

?????????

??????????????????3???????????

????????