?????,?????????

2024 ???????,???????????,????«????»(??“?????????????”)??????????,?????????,?? 3 ??,?????????,???????????????????? 7.86%,??????????????????

???????????????????????????????????,2018 ????????? OECD(??????????????????????)?????????? 3 ?????????????????? 33.8%????????,???????????,?????“???????????”??????,???????????

??????,????“????????????????????????????”??????,?????????????

?,?2025???????????????????????,?????“???????”??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????

??????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ??-3 ??????,?? 6 ?????????????;???????????????????????????????????????????????;??????????????????

????????????????2024 ?????? 11 ????,? 20 ???????«??????????????»????????,?????,????????

??3??

????????,?????????????3????????

??,2018???????,?????????3??,????????????????????????,???2???????92.1%????,2?56.5%,1???????33.2%?

??????,??“??????”,?????????????????????????????????????????????????

????,2018??OECD ??????????3????????? 33.8%?????????????,2024?,?????????????3??????????????7.86%?

????????,???,????????????

«2019?????????????????»(?????????????“2019????????????”)???????6?????????????????15-49 ????,??????27.6%???????????????????????? 2016 ??????,?? 1/3 ????2024??,??????????,??3????????????????????????

???????????????,???????????

“??,??????????????????????????”

??,???Papi???,????????1?3??,??“????”“?????????????????????????,????????”??????????????

???2019??,?????????????

?????????????????,????????????????,??????????????????,?????????????,??,??????????

?????,??????????,??????????????????????????????????2019 ?,???????????????,????

???????,???????2017??(??????????????????????????????????????)??????0-3 ??????????????(???????????“??????????????”??)????????????????,?,?????12%??

????????????????,?????2019??,?????????????,?????????????0-3?????????????????????,??????2.2%????

?????,???????????????????,?????????????????????,?????,???????????

???2024????????????,2023????,????????????????????89.5%,?(?????????????????)??1978??????????,???????5500?????????????,???????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????,2023?46.7%?

“(???)??,??????,”??,??????,??1??????????????????2??,??????

??2024??????????????12??????????????????,??????????0???????1????????????????????,?????????????1-2?1:3,??????????????2-3????????????????1:4?

???????????????????????,????,???,????,???

??,????????????????????,?????2????????????,??????????????????????????,??????,??????????,?????????????????????????????????,??????????????

????

??,???????????????,????????

2022???CFPS??????????,10??,????????????,????????????????

??????????,??2012????2022?????,??????3????6%?????????,??

???,?????????????????,2022??????3????58.7%?

?,??????????,??????????

??????????:?????????????????????,?????????

?2019???????????????,???????,??3??????????????????????????“??”?

??????????????,??????,?????????????

??,?????????????,????????????????,?????????????????

?????20??50?????70???????????????????,?????????????,??????????????????,1954??,?????????????????????????4003????,2670?,??,?????????????????

?,1950???,???,????????????????

???,???????????????????????????,1960???????????????????70%,???????????

?????,??????????????????????????????????,1963?????????2975??????

??,??????,1984??????????????????

“???”?????????1955?????????,??,?????????,????????,?????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????

????????????????,?????,??,??????????????,?????????????75%~85%,???????????90%?

?????????????????,?????20?????????????????90????

?????????????? 20??????????????90?????????,?????????????????????????,??????????,??

??????????????????,????????????????????,1981?????????,??20????,??????562???????????????,??????10.5?????????????????2022????????,???????30??????????,???????1414???????????????

?21??????????????????,??? ?,???,???????????????

????????????,??????,??

???????????2015??????????????,?????????“???”??????????????,???2022??,???? ,???,??????

????,???“????????”?,????????“?????????????????????”?????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,2021???????????,??????????“???????????”,?????????300?????? ????????????100??,???????????300?????????????????

????????????????????????,??????????????????,??????“?”“?”?????????????????????????????????????“?”???,?????????????????

?????,??,??????,???,??????????????,?????????,??????,????????????

????«???????????????????»?????????????,???????20??????????????????????,?????,?????,?????,?????????????????????“?????????????????”???????????,???????:“?,?”?(???? ??????????? ?? ??? ???????) ???????:???????????

??

??:???????????,??????????,??????????????