????:1??????????:????app???

2?????????

3?????????

4???????

5?????????

????2?????????????13????????????????? (?? ????)?????,??,??????????????????,?????????????

???????????????????????????????????????????????13????????,????????,???????????????????????155±9GPa,?????????????????????????40%??????????????????????????,??????????1100?,???????900??

??????????????????????????1967??,?????????????“???”????????????????,????,??,????????

??,????????,??50GPa???????????????,??????????????“?????”??,??????,????????

???,??????????????,??????????????

??,?????????1.2???????????????????,???,???????????,??????????????????,????????????????????????(?????????????????????????) ????????????????????:??????????