????:1?????????:???????????

2?????????????

3????????

4?????????

5??????

????7???????1????????? ????????????????????:40???,????????“??????????”

?

??????? ????

????????,??????????????,??????????60?????????(EIAS),????????“???????????????”?????,?????????????????????,??,??????????????

????????“??????”,????????????(Axel Goethals)??????????,???????????????????1978?????,??????????,??;????????,??46?????????????

????,?????????“?”??,?????????????????????????????,?????????????40???????????

???????:

????????:??????????????????,???

?:????????,??,???????????????????,???????????????,?????????????????????????,????????????,?????????????????,??????

???????????,???????????????????????????,?????????????,????“??????”,?????????“?????”????????????,????????????,???,?????????

?????,?????,???,????????????????????,??,???????

????????????:1978???,?????????46???,?????????????

???????????????:???????40??????????????,???????????????????,?????????????????????,?????????3???????,?????

1984???????????????,????????????«?????????»,???????????????? ????? 2024?,???????????????????????3D?????????????? ?????????

??1978??????????????,?????????????????????????,????????????????????????,?????,?????????????,?????????????????????????,????????????,??????

?????????????????:???,???????????????????????

???????????:?????????,??5?????????????10???,??????20????“?????”????,?????????

????????????,??,????????????“?”,?,??????????????,??????????????????,?????????????????

????????????????,??,???,???,????????????,?,????????

???????????????:?????????,???????????????

???:??1989??,?????????????????????,????????????,???????????;?,??,??????,???????????

?,????????????,?????????????????,?????????,?????????????,???????????????

??????????????????:????????,???????????

???????????:????????????,????????????????,??

“????????????17?18??????????????”?????????????????????????? ???????

??????,??????????????????????????,????????,??,“?”??????????????,???????????????,?????,??????

?????????,?????????,?????????????,????,????????????????(???????????)

?????????:

?????(Axel Goethals)??????????????????? ??????????????

????????(Axel Goethals),??????????,?????????????1978????????????,???????????,???40????????????????????6??????????,???,???????????????????

????????:??????