????:1?????:??????

2???????

3????????

4???????????

5??????????

???????????????2025.1.20?1173?????«????????????????»???????????

??????????????:??????

???????????????,??????????????15%,???????????“???????”???????????

??8?????????????,?????,???????“??????????”???????????????????????????,????????????,?????

??????????????,?????,????????????

2024????????????????,?????????????(??????????????“???????????”)???????429?????????,??????50.3%???,??????????????,?????????

???????????????,???????????

2024??8??????????????,???????«?»,??????2015?????2021??????????5??,?????????????

?????????,??,??,?????????????????????????????????????????,?????????,2024??????????80%???“???????”,???8????????

????(????????“???????”)????????,2024???????????2025??????8.63???8.5??????????,??4.4%?1.5%?2020???????????????????,?????????????9.95???????????????????????????,?????????????????????10???????,????????“??????”???????????,????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????,?13??????????14????????????

??????“?????????”??????????????,??2035???????,??????????,????????????????????????????????????,?????????????,??????????????,??????????“??”????????????????

“2015????????????????????,??????????????????,??”??????????«??»?

“2024?8?????????????,???,??????????????????,???”??????????????

????,?????,???????2035???????????????????,?2030????,???????30%?

????“??????-????”????,??,?,????,????????,??,?????????????

??????????“?-?????????”???????????,??,????????????????????,???????1.5???????????????????????????????????,?“??????????-??”????????,????????????????????,?“???????????????-???”,????75%?

??,??????????????“??????-?????????????????”??????????????,???2001????????,?????????,???37%??2022???50%,??????13?????2022???????,??????????????«?????????????»(??«????????????»)???????,??2025?,????????????????,???????????15%??????????,???????2025????

????????:“???????????,?,???????,???”

???????,?,?????????

???????????????

???,2024??????4.58?????????????,??????,?????8.6%???????????????????,??????????,?????????

“???????????‘????’?,???????????,?????????????????,????????????,??????????????????,???????????,????????????????,????????‘?????????????’?” ???

????????2024??????????,????3100??,???????????????,?????????????????????????,2024??5750???

“????????,?????????????,??,???????,??????”????(???)??«?????????????????????????????»?

??,????????(CBAM)??????????,??????????,????????????

“CBAM?????,??2026??????????????????,????,?????????,??????????????”?????????????,???????????????,CBAM????????,?,????

??,??????????????????????,???????????????????????????????32%,???????22%,????28%?

“???,??????,???????,?????????????????????????,??????????????????,????????????????????,????????????”??????

??????????????????,“?????????-??????????”?????????????30%,???????????????????????????????(?????)??????????,??????????,?,?????????????,?????????40%?????????????,?????

2024???????????????????????12????????????????????,????????,??????????150????????,?????“???-??”??????????,????????????70%????????????

????«???????????????»:“??????????,??,?????????,??????????????,???????????????,?????????????????????????,???????,??”

“????????????????????????”?????????

?????“????”????????????????,???,????????????????????????

“???????????????????,?,??????????????????????,?,???,????‘??????????’,?????”????????????

????????????????????????,???????????????????????“????????????????????”?

“??????????????????,?????????????5000??????,?????????‘??????’???,???????????????????,???????????????????5??????????”????????,???,??????,??100?????????????????????????,??,?????

??????????????????????????????????????????“????????????????-?????????????????????”???????????????????????“????????????????-????????????????????”???,?????????????????????????,2021??18.9?????,????100???????,?????2%????????????,?????????“??-???”???????????,??????????????945?????

??????????????«???????????????????????????»,??????????????????30???????????????50???“?????????????????,?????‘258????????’,????????????????????,????????,???,?????????????????????”

???,???,????????????????????,????,??-?????????,????2??????????,????????,?“?-???????????????????”??????????????????????2035??????????????

???,??16%,??????10%??????????????????????????????,??,?????????????????30%?

“????????,???????????,????,«??????»?????2022???200?300????????????????”??????????

????????????????????????????????????,??????????,????70%?????

“2016??????????????????,????????‘????’,??,?????????????????????,???”?????????????,????????,????????????,???,????????????

?????????:“???????????,???,?????????????,?,??????????????????,??,?????????300??????????400??????????/??????,????????????????,????????????”

“??,????????????????????10????,???????????????,???,??????,????????????????,?????????????,?????????????” ?????????,«?»??“?”,???

2024????,??????????????????????????????,??2030???????????????,????,???????????????????“??”????????????????????,??????????

???????“??????”?

?????????????,????????,?????,???????,?????????????????????????????????????16??????????,???23?????????????

????????????????????????:“??????,???????????????,??????????????,?????,?????”

?????????????????????,????????????????????,???

“?????????????????????????,??,???????????????,????????????????,?????????????????,?,???????????,?????????,?????????????”????,?????????????????,??????

????,??2025????????????2020??25%???????,???????????????????????,??????????????“??????????????????????2025??100%??20%???????????30%??????????25%??????????”,??????

“???????????,????????????,??????????????????????????????,????????????”??????

????,?????????????????????

??«???????????????»(?????????????????«???????????»)??????,?????????????????????,???????????????????????,???????????????????????????

??????????????????????????9??????????????,?????????«???????????????????????????????????????????(???????)»?????????????,???????????,?????????????????,????????????????????,????????“?????????”?

«??????»????,???????????????????,????????????,?????

2024??7???????????,????????,????????????120?????

“??????,????????CBAM??,??,??????,??????????????????”????????????????

«???????????????»2025???3????

?:??????«??????????»??????????? ??????:???????????