????:????,??“?”????“??????”???

????:??????????:?????????

?????????????11?????????28??????????????? ????:?????,???“???????????”?“??”????

??????????????(John Grim)

????????????????????? ????????????????

“???”?????????????????????????,???(John Grim)?????“??”??????,???????????????????“???????”??“????”??????????,???,??????????????????????“???????????”????????,??

??????????:??????????????????:“??”??????????????????:???????

???????:

?:???

???????????:??,?????????????????,??????????????????????????????????,?????,?,????????????

???????,?“???”????“?”???????,?????????????,?????????????????,??????????????????????????????“????????????”,??????,????????????????????????,??,??,???????????????????????????

10??????????11??,??(2024)????,??,????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????  

?????“????????????????????”???????,????????????????????????????????????????????????,??,??;?????????????????????????????????????,????????,???????,?????????

??:???????????????????,???????????“??????????????”“?????????????”“?????”?????????????????,??????????????“????????????????????”????????????????

?????????:????“??”“???????”“????????”????????????????????,???,????????????????“????????????????”?“??????”?,?,??????????????????????????“???”??????“?????????”(Cosmovisions)???

???????????“??”(Lifeway)??,?“?????”?????????????????,????????????????????????????????……??,??????????????????,???????????,??????????????????,??????

“?????????????”?????“????”??????????,??“????”??????,??????????????????????……?“?”????????,??

??,????“?”,?????????,????????,???????,????“??”,??“?????”?,?????,????????????,?????????????????,??“????”“?????????”,????????????????????????,??????????????????????????

(??????????)????????????? ????? ?????????????????????  

?????????:??

?????????????????????????:???,????????????,???,??????????????????????????,???????????,?????????????,????

2024???????????????11????????????18???????20??????????,“?????”???????????????????  

??:???,???????????????????????“?”?????“?”?

??????????????????:???????,??????????????????????,???????????????????????,?(environmental ethics)?????,????????????????“???”??????????????,??????????????????,???????????(??)

?????????????????:

????•????????(John Grim)??“?????”????????????? ??????? ???????????

?????????????????????(John Grim),???????????????????,????,?????????????????????????????????(Thomas Berry)?????????????,?40??????????????????????????«????:?»(The Shaman: Pattern of Religions Healing Among the Ojibway Indians),????«???:???»(Living Earth Community: Multiple Ways of Being and Knowing)???????????????????

???????:???????????