???????????:??“?????”????????

????:??????:????

?????????????????11?????????????????23???????????????????? ??????????:???“?”?????

??????????????????????????

????? ?????????? ?? ?

“????”???????11???????????18?20????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)???“?????????????”???????????????????,??????,“????????????????”??????????????????,?,??,?“??????”,?????????????????????,????????

????????:

?????:???

???????????:20??70???,??????????,?????,????????????????????,????????????????,??,?????“???”?

????????????????(Thomas Berry),?????????????“???”????“???”????????????,???????????????????(William Theodore de Bary)???,?????????????????????(Carlton Hayes)????????????????????????????????????

2024???????????????11???20?????????????,“?????????”?????????????????????????(?????)??????????????????????????? ???????? ??????????

??:???????????????“???”?????,???

??????????????????????:???“?????????????”“??”“??????????”?????????????????????,“?”???????????????????,?“???,??????????;???????????????,?????”,?????????“??”???

“????”???????,?????“??????????????”,???????“????”????????????,????,?????????,??????????????????????????,?????????????“??”????????????????“????”????????“?”?????,??,?????“?????????????????”????????????????

??,?,????????????????? ??????????? ??

??:????“?”“???????????”“???”??????????,???

???????????:?,??????????????“??????????”,???????????“????????????????”,???????????????“???????”????“????”?????????????????????

???????????,??,???????????????,???????????,???“??”????????,?????????????????????,???????,????

????:?????????

????????????:??????????,???????,????????????????????????????????????????????……?,?“?????????????”??????

70?????????«????»??,???????????,??“?”?????????«???»,?????,??????????????,???????,?????????????,??????,??????????????????,??

?:????????????????????

????????:?????,???????????????,?????????????,??,????,?,?????????,?????????,???,??????

??,??????????,?????????????“???????????”????,???????“???????”????,???????????????????????????????????????,?????,??????????????????????

2016??,????????,?112??????? ????????? ???????????

?????????????????????????,?????,???????“??????”????????,????,????????????????????,??????????????????,?????????????????“??????????????????”,?????(????)

????:

????????????????????? ??? ???

????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),???????????????,????????????????????1997??????????????????????????,????????????«???»«?»???????????«?????????»?

??????:????????????