???,?????????????

2024 ????,?????????????,???????«???????»(??????????“?????????????”)?????????????????,?????,?????? 3 ??????????,???????,????????????? 7.86%,????

????,2018 ????????????? OECD(????????????)??????????? 3 ?? 33.8%????????,?,??????“??”?????????,???????

???,??????“?????????????????”????????????????????,????????

?,?2025?????????,???“?????????????”??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????

????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ??????-3 ???????????,? 6 ?;??????????????;??????????????????????????????

???2024 ???????????? 11 ???,???????? 20 ?????????????????????????«????????»??,?,???

????????3??????

??????????????????????,???????????????????3??????????????????????

??????????????,2018??,???3?,??????,?????2?????92.1%????????????????????,2?????56.5%,1??????????????????33.2%?

??????????,????“????????????”,????????????????????????????

??????????????,2018???????????????OECD ??????????????3???? 33.8%????,2024?????????,?3??????7.86%?

?????????????,??,??????????????????

«2019??»(??“2019???????”)?????????????6?15-49 ?????????????????????,??27.6%???????????? 2016 ????,?????? 1/3 ???????????????2024??????????,????????????,??????????????????????3???

????,???????

“?????????,??????????”

????????????,??????????Papi???,??????1???????3?,??????????????“????”“??????,????”??????????

??????2019??????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????

????????????????,????????????????,????????????????,???????????,??????????,???????

??????????,????????????????????????,???????????2019 ??????????????????,?????????????????????????,????????

?,???2017??????(?????????????????????????????????????)??????????????0-3 ??(????“??”???)???????????????,?????????,??12%???????????????????????????????

??,??????????????2019??,?????,??0-3?,?2.2%????????

???,??????????????,???????????,????????????,?????????????????

?????????2024???????????,2023???????????,??89.5%,???????(??????????)???????????????????1978???????????,??????????5500???,??????,?????????????,2023???????????????????????46.7%?

“(?????????????????????????????????)??????,??????????????,”???,??????????????????,??1?????????????????????????2?????,???????

??2024?????????????12???????????????,??0????????1???????????,??????????????1-2???????????????????1:3,??????????2-3?????????????1:4?

????????????????,????????????,???,????????????,???

?,?????????,???????2??????????????????,??????,???????????????????????,????????????????,???????????????????,??????????????????

??

??,?????,???????

2022??CFPS????,10??????????,?????????????????????,????????????

??,?????????2012????????2022??????,?????????????3????????6%??????????????????????????????????,?????????????????

???????????,????????????????????,2022????3??????????58.7%?

????,?????????????????,?????????

?????????????:??,????????????????????????????????????

??2019????,???????????,?3??????????????????????????????????“?”?

????????????????,???,??????

?????????????????????????????,??????,???????????????????????????,??????

???20????????????????????????50?70??,?,???????????????????????????,1954??,??????4003??,2670???,???????????????????,????????????

???,1950?????????,?????????????????,????????????????

?????,????????????,1960???????70%,???

?????,?????????,1963?????2975???????????????????

????,??,1984??????????????

“??”??1955??,???,?,??????????????????,???????????,????????????????

????,???????????????,??,??????????????????????????,??75%~85%,?????????????????90%?

??,??????20???90????

??? 20????????????90????????????????????????,????,????????,????????

?,???????????,1981??,?????????????20????,???????????562???????????,????????10.5???????????????????????????????2022???????,????????????????30?????,?????????????1414??

??21?????,?????????????????? ?????????????????????,??,????????????????

????,??????,?????

??????2015???????,?????“????????”????????,???????????2022????????????,?????????? ,????????????????,??????

?????????????????,???????“??????”????????????,??????????“??????????????”??????,???????????????????????????????,2021?,????????????“?”,?????????????300??? ?????????100?????????,???????300??????????????????

?????,???????????????????????????,??????????????“????????”“???????”?????????????????“?????????”????????????,???

????????????,?,????????????????????????????,?????????,??????,?,???????,?????

??????????«??????????????»??,???????20?????????????????,?????????????,???,??????????????????,???????????????????“??????????????????”??????????,???????????????????????????????????:“??,??”?(???????????? ?? ?? ?????????????????? ?????) ????????:????

??

??:???????????,??????????,??????????????